Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples

Information

This package contains examples for the use of models that can be found in Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.ExamplesPackage (Icon for packages containing runnable examples).

Package Content

Name	Description
Damper
ThreeWayValves
TwoWayValves
TwoWayValvesMotor
ValveParameterization	Model to test and illustrate different parameterization for valves
VAVBoxExponential
MixingBox
MixingBoxMinimumFlow

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.Damper

Information

Modelica definition

model Damper
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  package Medium = Buildings.Media.IdealGases.SimpleAir;

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Dampers.Exponential res(
    A=1,
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    m_flow_nominal=1,
    filteredOpening=false);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp yRam(
    duration=0.3,
    offset=0,
    startTime=0.2,
    height=1);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=1,
    p(displayUnit="Pa") = 101335,
    T=293.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=1,
    p(displayUnit="Pa") = 101325,
    T=293.15);
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(yRam.y, res.y);
  connect(sou.ports[1], res.port_a);
  connect(sin.ports[1], res.port_b);
end Damper;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.ThreeWayValves

Information

Test model for three way valves. Note that the leakage flow rate has been set to a large value and the rangeability to a small value for better visualization of the valve characteristics. To use common values, use the default values.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model ThreeWayValves
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

 package Medium = Buildings.Media.ConstantPropertyLiquidWater 
    "Medium in the component";

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.ThreeWayLinear valLin(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l={0.05,0.05},
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
    height=1,
    duration=1,
    offset=0) "Control signal";
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=2,
    use_p_in=true,
    T=313.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=2,
    use_p_in=true,
    T=313.15);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSin(k=3E5);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSou(k=306000);
  Actuators.Valves.ThreeWayEqualPercentageLinear valEquPerLin(
    l={0.05,0.05},
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    R=10,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT ret(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    nPorts=2,
    use_p_in=true,
    T=303.15);
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(y.y, valLin.y);
  connect(PSin.y, sin.p_in);
  connect(y.y, valEquPerLin.y);
  connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_1);
  connect(sou.ports[2], valEquPerLin.port_1);
  connect(valLin.port_2, sin.ports[1]);
  connect(valEquPerLin.port_2, sin.ports[2]);
  connect(PSou.y, ret.p_in);
  connect(ret.ports[1], valLin.port_3);
  connect(ret.ports[2], valEquPerLin.port_3);
  connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
end ThreeWayValves;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.TwoWayValves

Information

Test model for two way valves. Note that the leakage flow rate has been set to a large value and the rangeability to a small value for better visualization of the valve characteristics. To use common values, use the default values.

The parameter filterOpening is set to false, as this model is used to plot the flow at different opening signals without taking into account the travel time of the actuator.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model TwoWayValves
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  package Medium = Buildings.Media.ConstantPropertyLiquidWater;

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valLin(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
    height=1,
    duration=1,
    offset=0) "Control signal";
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=3,
    use_p_in=false,
    p(displayUnit="Pa") = 306000,
    T=293.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=3,
    p(displayUnit="Pa") = 3E5,
    T=293.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayQuickOpening valQui(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) "Valve model, quick opening characteristics";
  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayEqualPercentage valEqu(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    R=10,
    delta0=0.1,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) 
    "Valve model, equal percentage opening characteristics";
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(y.y, valLin.y);
  connect(y.y, valQui.y);
  connect(y.y, valEqu.y);
  connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_a);
  connect(valQui.port_a, sou.ports[2]);
  connect(valEqu.port_a, sou.ports[3]);
  connect(valLin.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
  connect(valQui.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
  connect(valEqu.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
end TwoWayValves;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.TwoWayValvesMotor

Information

Test model for two way valves. Note that the leakage flow rate has been set to a large value and the rangeability to a small value for better visualization of the valve characteristics. To use common values, use the default values.

All valves are connected to a model of a motor with hysteresis. A more efficient implementation that approximates a motor but lacks hysteresis would be to set the valve parameter filteredOpening=true instead of using the motor model.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model TwoWayValvesMotor
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  package Medium = Buildings.Media.ConstantPropertyLiquidWater;

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valLin(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=3,
    use_p_in=true,
    T=293.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=3,
    use_p_in=true,
    T=293.15);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSin(k=3E5);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSou(k=306000);
  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayQuickOpening valQui(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) "Valve model, quick opening characteristics";
  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayEqualPercentage valEqu(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    l=0.05,
    R=10,
    delta0=0.1,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    filteredOpening=false,
    dpValve_nominal=6000) 
    "Valve model, equal percentage opening characteristics";
  Modelica.Blocks.Sources.TimeTable ySet(table=[0,0; 60,0; 60,1; 120,1; 180,0.5;
        240,0.5; 300,0; 360,0; 360,0.25; 420,0.25; 480,1; 540,1.5; 600,-0.25]) 
    "Set point for actuator";
  Actuators.Motors.IdealMotor mot(                 tOpe=60) "Motor model";
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(PSin.y, sin.p_in);
  connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
  connect(ySet.y, mot.u);
  connect(mot.y, valEqu.y);
  connect(mot.y, valQui.y);
  connect(mot.y, valLin.y);
  connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_a);
  connect(sou.ports[2], valQui.port_a);
  connect(sou.ports[3], valEqu.port_a);
  connect(valLin.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
  connect(valQui.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
  connect(valEqu.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
end TwoWayValvesMotor;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.ValveParameterization

Information

Test model for two way valves. This model tests the different parameterization of the valve model. All valves have approximately the same mass flow rates. Small differences exist due to differences in the mass density that is used to compute the parameters. If the mass flow rates differ by more than 1%, then the assert blocks will terminate the simulation with an error message.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica definition

model ValveParameterization 
  "Model to test and illustrate different parameterization for valves"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
  import Buildings;

 package Medium = Buildings.Media.ConstantPropertyLiquidWater;

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valOPPoi(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
    CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
    dpValve_nominal(displayUnit="kPa") = 4500,
    filteredOpening=false) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant y(k=1) "Control signal";
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=3,
    T=293.15);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      = Medium,
    nPorts=3,
    use_p_in=false,
    p=300000,
    T=293.15);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PSou(
    duration=1,
    offset=3E5,
    height=1E5);
  Valves.TwoWayLinear valKv(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.Kv,
    m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
    Kv=0.73,
    filteredOpening=false) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
  Valves.TwoWayLinear valCv(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
    CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.Cv,
    Cv=0.84,
    filteredOpening=false) "Valve model, linear opening characteristics";
  Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowOpPoi(redeclare package Medium
      = Medium);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowKv(redeclare package Medium =
        Medium);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowCv(redeclare package Medium =
        Medium);
  Buildings.Utilities.Diagnostics.AssertEquality equ1(threShold=0.01);
  Buildings.Utilities.Diagnostics.AssertEquality equ2(threShold=0.01);
equation 
  connect(y.y, valOPPoi.y);
  connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
  connect(y.y, valKv.y);
  connect(valKv.port_a, sou.ports[2]);
  connect(sou.ports[3], valCv.port_a);
  connect(y.y, valCv.y);
  connect(sou.ports[1], valOPPoi.port_a);
  connect(valOPPoi.port_b, senM_flowOpPoi.port_a);
  connect(valKv.port_b, senM_flowKv.port_a);
  connect(valCv.port_b, senM_flowCv.port_a);
  connect(senM_flowCv.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
  connect(senM_flowKv.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
  connect(senM_flowOpPoi.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
  connect(senM_flowOpPoi.m_flow, equ1.u1);
  connect(senM_flowKv.m_flow, equ1.u2);
  connect(senM_flowKv.m_flow, equ2.u1);
  connect(senM_flowCv.m_flow, equ2.u2);
end ValveParameterization;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.VAVBoxExponential

Information

Modelica definition

model VAVBoxExponential
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

 package Medium = Buildings.Media.IdealGases.SimpleAir;

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Dampers.Exponential dam(
         redeclare package Medium = Medium, A=1.8,
    m_flow_nominal=2);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Step yDam(
    height=-1,
    offset=1,
    startTime=60);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp P(
    height=-10,
    offset=101330,
    startTime=0,
    duration=60);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(             redeclare package Medium
      =        Medium, T=273.15 + 20,
    nPorts=2,
    use_p_in=true);
  Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(             redeclare package Medium
      =        Medium, T=273.15 + 20,
    nPorts=2,
    use_p_in=true);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PAtm(k=101325);
  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Dampers.VAVBoxExponential vav(
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    dp_nominal=5,
    A=1.8,
    m_flow_nominal=2);
    Buildings.Fluid.FixedResistances.FixedResistanceDpM res(
    from_dp=true,
    m_flow_nominal=2,
    redeclare package Medium = Medium,
    dp_nominal=5 - 0.45*2^2/1.2/1.8^2/2);
  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(yDam.y,dam. y);
  connect(P.y, sou.p_in);
  connect(PAtm.y, sin.p_in);
  connect(yDam.y, vav.y);
  connect(res.port_b, dam.port_a);
  connect(sou.ports[1], res.port_a);
  connect(sou.ports[2], vav.port_a);
  connect(dam.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
  connect(sin.ports[2], vav.port_b);
end VAVBoxExponential;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.MixingBox

Information

Modelica definition

model MixingBox
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

 package Medium = Buildings.Media.GasesConstantDensity.SimpleAir 
    "Medium in the component";

  Dampers.MixingBox mixBox(
    AOut=0.7,
    AExh=1,
    ARec=1,
    mOut_flow_nominal=1,
    dpOut_nominal=20,
    mRec_flow_nominal=1,
    dpRec_nominal=20,
    mExh_flow_nominal=1,
    dpExh_nominal=20,
    redeclare package Medium = Medium) "mixing box";
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouIn(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 10,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=2);
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouSup(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 26,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=1);
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouRet(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 20,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=1);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PAtm(k=101325);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PSup(
    offset=101320,
    height=-10,
    startTime=0,
    duration=20);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PRet(
    height=10,
    offset=101330,
    duration=20,
    startTime=20);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Step yDam(
    height=1,
    offset=0,
    startTime=60);

  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(yDam.y, mixBox.y);
  connect(bouIn.p_in, PAtm.y);
  connect(PRet.y, bouRet.p_in);
  connect(bouSup.p_in, PSup.y);
  connect(bouIn.ports[1], mixBox.port_Out);
  connect(bouIn.ports[2], mixBox.port_Exh);
  connect(bouSup.ports[1], mixBox.port_Sup);
  connect(bouRet.ports[1], mixBox.port_Ret);
end MixingBox;

Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Examples.MixingBoxMinimumFlow

Information

Modelica definition

model MixingBoxMinimumFlow
  extends Modelica.Icons.Example;

 package Medium = Buildings.Media.GasesConstantDensity.SimpleAir 
    "Medium in the component";

  Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Dampers.MixingBoxMinimumFlow mixBox(
    AOutMin=0.3,
    AOut=0.7,
    AExh=1,
    ARec=1,
    mOutMin_flow_nominal=0.3,
    dpOutMin_nominal=20,
    mOut_flow_nominal=1,
    dpOut_nominal=20,
    mRec_flow_nominal=1,
    dpRec_nominal=20,
    mExh_flow_nominal=1,
    dpExh_nominal=20,
    redeclare package Medium = Medium) "mixing box";
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouIn(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 10,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=3);
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouSup(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 26,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=1);
    Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT bouRet(             redeclare package
      Medium = Medium, T=273.15 + 20,
    use_p_in=true,
    nPorts=1);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PAtm(k=101325);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant yDamMin(k=0.5);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PSup(
    offset=101320,
    height=-10,
    startTime=0,
    duration=20);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PRet(
    height=10,
    offset=101330,
    duration=20,
    startTime=20);
    Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Step yDam(
    height=0.1,
    offset=0.45,
    startTime=60);

  inner Modelica.Fluid.System system;
equation 
  connect(yDamMin.y, mixBox.yOutMin);
  connect(yDam.y, mixBox.y);
  connect(bouIn.p_in, PAtm.y);
  connect(PRet.y, bouRet.p_in);
  connect(bouSup.p_in, PSup.y);
  connect(bouIn.ports[1], mixBox.port_OutMin);
  connect(bouIn.ports[2], mixBox.port_Out);
  connect(bouIn.ports[3], mixBox.port_Exh);
  connect(bouSup.ports[1], mixBox.port_Sup);
  connect(bouRet.ports[1], mixBox.port_Ret);
end MixingBoxMinimumFlow;