Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph

Information

Calculation of fluid properties for Tetrafluoroethane (R134a) in the fluid region of 0.0039 bar (Triple pressure) to 700 bar and 169.85 Kelvin (Triple temperature) to 455 Kelvin.

Restriction

The functions provided by this package shall be used inside of the restricted limits according to the referenced literature.

• 0.0039 bar ≤ p ≤ 700 bar
• 169.85 Kelvin ≤ T ≤ 455 Kelvin
• explicit for pressure and specific enthalpy

References

Baehr, H.D. and Tillner-Roth, R.:

Thermodynamic Properties of Environmentally Acceptable Refrigerants - Equations of State and Tables for Ammonia, R22, R134a, R152a, and R123. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (Germany), 1994.

Klein, McLinden and Laesecke:

An improved extended corresponding states methode for estimation of visocsity of pure refrigerants and mixtures. Int. J. Refrig., Vol. 20, No.3, pp. 208-217, 1997.

McLinden, Klein. and Perkins:

An extended corresponding states model for the thermal conductivity of refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures. Int. J. Refrig., 23 (2000) 43-63.

Okada and Higashi:

Surface tension correlation of HFC-134a and HCFC-123. Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of IIR Commissions B1, B2, E1, and E2, Padua, Italy, pp. 541-548, 1994.

Package Content

Name	Description
ph_explicit=true
dT_explicit=false
r134aLimits
r134aConstants
SaturationProperties
ThermodynamicState	Thermodynamic state
BaseProperties	Base properties of R134a
setState_phX	Set state for pressure and specific enthalpy (X not used since single substance)
setState_dTX	Set state for density and temperature (X not used since single substance)
setState_psX	Set state for pressure and specific entropy (X not used since single substance)
setState_pTX	Dummy function
setBubbleState	Return the thermodynamic state on the bubble line
setDewState	Return the thermodynamic state on the dew line
density_ph	Density as function of pressure and specific enthalpy
density	Density as function of pressure and specific enthalpy | use setState_phX function for input
temperature_ph	Temperature as function of pressure and specific enthalpy
temperature	Temperature as function of pressure and specific enthalpy | use setState_phX function for input
pressure	Pressure w.r.t. thermodynamic state
specificInternalEnergy	Specific internal energy w.r.t. thermodynamic state
specificEnthalpy	Specific enthalpy w.r.t. thermodynamic state | use setState_phX function for input
specificEntropy	Specific entropy w.r.t. thermodynamic state | use setState_phX function for input if necessary
saturationTemperature	Saturation temperature in two-phase region
saturationTemperature_derp	Derivative of saturation temperature in two-phase region
saturationTemperature_der_p	Time derivative of saturation temperature in two-phase region
bubbleDensity	Density of liquid phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dBubbleDensity_dPressure	Derivative of liquid density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dBubbleDensity_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of liquid density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dewDensity	Density of vapor phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dDewDensity_dPressure	Derivative of vapor density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dDewDensity_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of vapor density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
bubbleEnthalpy	Specific enthalpy of liquid phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dBubbleEnthalpy_dPressure	Derivative of liquid specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dBubbleEnthalpy_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of liquid specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dewEnthalpy	Specific enthalpy of vapor phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dDewEnthalpy_dPressure	Derivative of vapor specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dDewEnthalpy_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of vapor specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure
dewEntropy	Specific entropy of vapor phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dDewEntropy_dPressure	Derivative of vapor specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure | use setState_phX function for input
dDewEntropy_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of vapor specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure | use setState_phX function for input
bubbleEntropy	Specific entropy of liquid phase w.r.t saturation pressure | use setSat_p function for input
dBubbleEntropy_dPressure	Derivative of liquid specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure | use setState_phX function for input
dBubbleEntropy_dPressure_der_sat	Time derivative of liquid specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure | use setState_phX function for input
saturationPressure	Saturation pressure w.r.t. temperature
specificHeatCapacityCp	Specific heat capacity at constant pressure | turns inifity in two-phase region! | use setState_phX function for input
specificHeatCapacityCv	Specific heat capacity at constant volume | use setState_phX function for input
dynamicViscosity	Dynamic viscosity w.r.t. temperature and density | use setState_phX function for input
thermalConductivity	Thermal conductivity w.r.t. thermodynamic state | use setState_phX function for input
surfaceTension	Surface tension as a function of temperature (below critical point)
velocityOfSound	Velocity of sound w.r.t. thermodynamic state (only valid for one-phase)
isothermalCompressibility	Isothermal compressibility w.r.t. thermodynamic state (only valid for one-phase)
isobaricExpansionCoefficient	Isobaric expansion coefficient w.r.t. thermodynamic state (only valid for one-phase)
isentropicExponent	Isentropic exponent gamma w.r.t. thermodynamic state | not defined in two-phase region | use setState_phX function for input
specificGibbsEnergy	Specific gibbs energy w.r.t. thermodynamic state
specificHelmholtzEnergy	Helmholtz energy w.r.t. thermodynamic state
density_derh_p	Density derivative by specific enthalpy | use setState_phX function for input
density_derp_h	Density derivative by pressure | use setState_phX function for input
isentropicEnthalpy	Isentropic enthalpy of downstream pressure and upstream thermodynamic state (specific entropy)
derivsOf_ph	Derivatives required for inversion of temperature and density functions
dt_ph	Density and temperature w.r.t. pressure and specific enthalpy
dtofphOnePhase	Density and temperature w.r.t. pressure and specific enthalpy in one-phase region
dtofpsOnePhase	Inverse iteration in one phase region (d,T) = f(p,s)
f_R134a	Calculation of helmholtz derivatives by density and temperature
fid_R134a	Helmholtz coefficients of ideal part
fres_R134a	Calculation of helmholtz derivatives
getPhase_ph	Number of phases by pressure and specific enthalpy
getPhase_ps	Number of phases by pressure and entropy
hofpsTwoPhase	Isentropic specific enthalpy in two phase region h(p,s)
R134a_liqofdT	Properties on liquid boundary phase
R134a_vapofdT	Properties on vapor boundary phase
rho_ph_der	Time derivative function of density_ph
rho_props_ph	Density as function of pressure and specific enthalpy
T_ph_der	Time derivative function of T_ph
T_props_ph	Temperature as function of pressure and specific enthalpy
setSmoothState	Smooth transition function between state_a and state_b
Inherited
smoothModel=false	True if the (derived) model should not generate state events
onePhase=false	True if the (derived) model should never be called with two-phase inputs
fluidConstants	Constant data for the fluid
setSat_T	Return saturation property record from temperature
setSat_p	Return saturation property record from pressure
saturationPressure_sat	Return saturation temperature
saturationTemperature_sat	Return saturation temperature
saturationTemperature_derp_sat	Return derivative of saturation temperature w.r.t. pressure
molarMass	Return the molar mass of the medium
specificEnthalpy_pTX	Return specific enthalpy from pressure, temperature and mass fraction
temperature_phX	Return temperature from p, h, and X or Xi
density_phX	Return density from p, h, and X or Xi
temperature_psX	Return temperature from p, s, and X or Xi
density_psX	Return density from p, s, and X or Xi
specificEnthalpy_psX	Return specific enthalpy from p, s, and X or Xi
setState_pT	Return thermodynamic state from p and T
setState_ph	Return thermodynamic state from p and h
setState_ps	Return thermodynamic state from p and s
setState_dT	Return thermodynamic state from d and T
setState_px	Return thermodynamic state from pressure and vapour quality
setState_Tx	Return thermodynamic state from temperature and vapour quality
vapourQuality	Return vapour quality
pressure_dT	Return pressure from d and T
specificEnthalpy_dT	Return specific enthalpy from d and T
specificEnthalpy_ps	Return specific enthalpy from p and s
temperature_ps	Return temperature from p and s
density_ps	Return density from p and s
specificEnthalpy_pT	Return specific enthalpy from p and T
density_pT	Return density from p and T
ThermoStates	Enumeration type for independent variables
mediumName="unusablePartialMedium"	Name of the medium
substanceNames={mediumName}	Names of the mixture substances. Set substanceNames={mediumName} if only one substance.
extraPropertiesNames=fill("", 0)	Names of the additional (extra) transported properties. Set extraPropertiesNames=fill("",0) if unused
singleState	= true, if u and d are not a function of pressure
reducedX=true	= true if medium contains the equation sum(X) = 1.0; set reducedX=true if only one substance (see docu for details)
fixedX=false	= true if medium contains the equation X = reference_X
reference_p=101325	Reference pressure of Medium: default 1 atmosphere
reference_T=298.15	Reference temperature of Medium: default 25 deg Celsius
reference_X=fill(1/nX, nX)	Default mass fractions of medium
p_default=101325	Default value for pressure of medium (for initialization)
T_default=Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.from_degC(20)	Default value for temperature of medium (for initialization)
h_default=specificEnthalpy_pTX(p_default, T_default, X_default)	Default value for specific enthalpy of medium (for initialization)
X_default=reference_X	Default value for mass fractions of medium (for initialization)
nS=size(substanceNames, 1)	Number of substances
nX=nS	Number of mass fractions
nXi=if fixedX then 0 else if reducedX then nS - 1 else nS	Number of structurally independent mass fractions (see docu for details)
nC=size(extraPropertiesNames, 1)	Number of extra (outside of standard mass-balance) transported properties
C_nominal=1.0e-6*ones(nC)	Default for the nominal values for the extra properties
FluidConstants	Critical, triple, molecular and other standard data of fluid
prandtlNumber	Return the Prandtl number
heatCapacity_cp	Alias for deprecated name
heatCapacity_cv	Alias for deprecated name
beta	Alias for isobaricExpansionCoefficient for user convenience
kappa	Alias of isothermalCompressibility for user convenience
density_derp_T	Return density derivative w.r.t. pressure at const temperature
density_derT_p	Return density derivative w.r.t. temperature at constant pressure
density_derX	Return density derivative w.r.t. mass fraction
specificEntropy_pTX	Return specific enthalpy from p, T, and X or Xi
density_pTX	Return density from p, T, and X or Xi
MassFlowRate	Type for mass flow rate with medium specific attributes
AbsolutePressure	Type for absolute pressure with medium specific attributes
Density	Type for density with medium specific attributes
DynamicViscosity	Type for dynamic viscosity with medium specific attributes
EnthalpyFlowRate	Type for enthalpy flow rate with medium specific attributes
MassFraction	Type for mass fraction with medium specific attributes
MoleFraction	Type for mole fraction with medium specific attributes
MolarMass	Type for molar mass with medium specific attributes
MolarVolume	Type for molar volume with medium specific attributes
IsentropicExponent	Type for isentropic exponent with medium specific attributes
SpecificEnergy	Type for specific energy with medium specific attributes
SpecificInternalEnergy	Type for specific internal energy with medium specific attributes
SpecificEnthalpy	Type for specific enthalpy with medium specific attributes
SpecificEntropy	Type for specific entropy with medium specific attributes
SpecificHeatCapacity	Type for specific heat capacity with medium specific attributes
SurfaceTension	Type for surface tension with medium specific attributes
Temperature	Type for temperature with medium specific attributes
ThermalConductivity	Type for thermal conductivity with medium specific attributes
PrandtlNumber	Type for Prandtl number with medium specific attributes
VelocityOfSound	Type for velocity of sound with medium specific attributes
ExtraProperty	Type for unspecified, mass-specific property transported by flow
CumulativeExtraProperty	Type for conserved integral of unspecified, mass specific property
ExtraPropertyFlowRate	Type for flow rate of unspecified, mass-specific property
IsobaricExpansionCoefficient	Type for isobaric expansion coefficient with medium specific attributes
DipoleMoment	Type for dipole moment with medium specific attributes
DerDensityByPressure	Type for partial derivative of density with respect to pressure with medium specific attributes
DerDensityByEnthalpy	Type for partial derivative of density with respect to enthalpy with medium specific attributes
DerEnthalpyByPressure	Type for partial derivative of enthalpy with respect to pressure with medium specific attributes
DerDensityByTemperature	Type for partial derivative of density with respect to temperature with medium specific attributes
DerTemperatureByPressure	Type for partial derivative of temperature with respect to pressure with medium specific attributes
FluidLimits	Validity limits for fluid model
FixedPhase	Phase of the fluid: 1 for 1-phase, 2 for two-phase, 0 for not known, e.g., interactive use
Basic	The most basic version of a record used in several degrees of detail
IdealGas	The ideal gas version of a record used in several degrees of detail
TwoPhase	The two phase fluid version of a record used in several degrees of detail

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.SaturationProperties

Information

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.ThermodynamicState

Information

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.BaseProperties

Information

Parameters

Name	Description
Advanced
preferredMediumStates	= true if StateSelect.prefer shall be used for the independent property variables of the medium

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setState_phX

Information

This function should be used by default in order to calculate the thermodynamic state record used as input by many functions.

Example:

     parameter Medium.AbsolutePressure p = 3e5;
     parameter Medium.SpecificEnthalpy h = 4.2e5;

     Medium.Density rho;

     equation

     rho = Medium.density(setState_phX(p, h, fill(0, Medium.nX)));

Inputs

Name	Description
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
X[:]	Mass fractions [kg/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setState_dTX

Information

Although the medium package is explicit for pressure and specific enthalpy, this function may be used in order to calculate the thermodynamic state record used as input by many functions. It will calculate the missing states:

• pressure
• specific enthalpy

Example:

     parameter Medium.Density d = 4;
     parameter Medium.Temperature T = 298;

     Medium.SpecficEntropy s;

     equation

     s = Medium.specificEntropy(setState_dTX(d, T, fill(0, Medium.nX)));

Inputs

Name	Description
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known
d	Density [kg/m3]
T	Temperature [K]
X[:]	Mass fractions [kg/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setState_psX

Information

This function may be used in order to calculate the thermodynamic state record used as input by many functions. It will calculate the missing states:

• density
• pressure
• specific enthalpy

Example:

     parameter Medium.AbsolutePressure p = 3e5;
     parameter Medium.SpecficEntropy s = 1.7e3;

     Medium.SpecficEnthalpy h;

     equation

     h = Medium.specificEnthalpy(setState_psX(p, s, fill(0, Medium.nX)));

Inputs

Name	Description
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known
p	Pressure [Pa]
s	Specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]
X[:]	Mass fractions [kg/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setState_pTX

Information

This function is intentionally provided although it will result in an error. Please note, that pressure and temperature cannot be used to determine states in two-phase region. Therefore, in order to avoid wrong usage, the function will give an error message.

Inputs

Name	Description
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known
p	Pressure [Pa]
T	Temperature [K]
X[:]	Mass fractions [kg/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setBubbleState

Information

This function shall be used in order to calculate the thermodynamic state record for the liquid phase boundary. It requires the saturation record as input which can be determined by both functions setSat_p and setSat_T:

Example:

    Medium.AbsolutePressure p=3e5;
    // Viscosity on the liquid phase boundary
    Modelica.SIunits.DynamicViscosity eta_liq;

    equation

    eta_liq = Medium.DynamicViscosity(Medium.setBubbleState(Medium.setSat_p(p)));

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation point
phase	Phase: default is one phase

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Complete thermodynamic state info

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setDewState

Information

This function shall be used in order to calculate the thermodynamic state record for the vapor phase boundary. It requires the saturation record as input which can be determined by both functions setSat_p and setSat_T:

Example:

    Medium.AbsolutePressure p=3e5;
    // Viscosity on the vapor phase boundary
    Modelica.SIunits.DynamicViscosity eta_vap;

    equation

    eta_vap = Medium.DynamicViscosity(Medium.setBubbleState(Medium.setSat_p(p)));

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation point
phase	Phase: default is one phase

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Complete thermodynamic state info

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.density_ph

Information

This function calculates the density of R134a from the state variables p (absolute pressure) and h (specific enthalpy). The density is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.density

Information

This function calculates the density of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The density is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.temperature_ph

Information

This function calculates the Kelvin temperature of R134a from the state variables p (absolute pressure) and h (specific enthalpy). The temperature is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
phase	2 for two-phase, 1 for one-phase, 0 if not known

Outputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.temperature

Information

This function calculates the Kelvin temperature of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The temperature is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.pressure

Information

This function is included for the sake of completness.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificInternalEnergy

Information

This function calculates the specific internal energy of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The specific internal energy is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
u	Specific internal energy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificEnthalpy

Information

This function is included for the sake of completness.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificEntropy

Information

This function calculates the specific entropy of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The specific entropy is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
s	Specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.saturationTemperature

Information

This function calculates the saturation temperature of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]

Outputs

Name	Description
T	Saturation temperature [K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.saturationTemperature_derp

Information

This function calculates the derivative of saturation temperature of R134a with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is saturatuionTemperature.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]

Outputs

Name	Description
dTp	Derivative of saturation temperature w.r.t. pressure [K/Pa]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.saturationTemperature_der_p

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of saturation temperature of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is saturatuionTemperature.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
der_p	Time derivative of pressure

Outputs

Name	Description
der_Tsat	Time derivative of saturation temperature

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.bubbleDensity

Information

This function calculates the liquid phase density of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
dl	Boiling curve density [kg/m3]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleDensity_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of liquid density of R134a in the two-phase region with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is bubbleDensity.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
ddldp	Boiling curve density derivative [s2/m2]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleDensity_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of liquid density of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is bubbleDensity.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_ddldp	Time derivative of liquid density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dewDensity

Information

This function calculates the vapor phase density of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
dv	Dew curve density [kg/m3]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewDensity_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of vapor density of R134a in two-phase region with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is dewDensity.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
ddvdp	Saturated steam density derivative [s2/m2]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewDensity_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of vapor density of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is dewDensity.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_ddvdp	Time derivative of vapor density in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.bubbleEnthalpy

Information

This function calculates the liquid phase enthalpy of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
hl	Boiling curve specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleEnthalpy_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of liquid enthalpy of R134a with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is bubbleEnthalpy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
dhldp	Boiling curve specific enthalpy derivative [J.m.s2/kg2]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleEnthalpy_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of liquid specific enthalpy of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is bubbleEnthalpy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_dhldp	Time derivative of liquid specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dewEnthalpy

Information

This function calculates the vapor phase enthalpy of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
hv	Dew curve specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewEnthalpy_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of vapor enthalpy of R134a in the two-phase region with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is dewEnthalpy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
dhvdp	Saturated steam specific enthalpy derivative [J.m.s2/kg2]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewEnthalpy_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of vapor enthalpy of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is dewEnthalpy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_dhvdp	Derivative of vapor specific enthalpy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dewEntropy

Information

This function calculates the vapor phase entropy of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
sv	Dew curve specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewEntropy_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of vapor entropy of R134a with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is dewEntropy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation

Outputs

Name	Description
dsvdp	Derivative of vapor specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dDewEntropy_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of vapor specific entropy of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is dewEntropy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_dsvdp	Derivative of vapor specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.bubbleEntropy

Information

This function calculates the liquid phase entropy of R134a from the state variable p (absolute pressure). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
sl	Boiling curve specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleEntropy_dPressure

Information

This function calculates the derivative of liquid entropy of R134a with regard to the state variable p (absolute pressure). The non-derivative function is bubbleEntropy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation

Outputs

Name	Description
dsldp	Derivative of liquid specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dBubbleEntropy_dPressure_der_sat

Information

This function calculates the time derivative of liquid specific entropy of R134a with regard to the time derivative of p. The non-derivative function is bubbleEntropy.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation properties | pressure is used for interpolation
der_sat	Derivative of saturation properties

Outputs

Name	Description
der_dsldp	Derivative of liquid specific entropy in two-phase region w.r.t pressure

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.saturationPressure

Information

This function calculates the saturation pressure of R134a from the state variable T (temperature). It is modelled by cubic splines which are fitted with non-equidistant grid points derived from the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994) and the Maxwell criteria.

Restrictions

It is only valid in the two-phase region (i.e., p_triple ≤ p ≤ p_crit ).

Inputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Outputs

Name	Description
p	Saturation pressure [Pa]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificHeatCapacityCp

Information

This function calculates the specific heat capacity of R134a at constant pressure from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The specific heat capacity is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
cp	Specific heat capacity at constant pressure [J/(kg.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificHeatCapacityCv

Information

This function calculates the specific heat capacity of R134a at constant volume from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The specific heat capacity is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Please note, that the function can also be called in the two-phase region, but the output is not continuous for a phase transition (see Tillner-Roth and Baehr, 1994). Values in two-phase region are considerably higher than in one-phase domain. The following figure just shows one-phase properties.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
cv	Specific heat capacity at constant volume [J/(kg.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dynamicViscosity

Information

This function calculates the dynamic viscosity of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The dynamic viscosity is modelled by the corresponding states method of Klein, McLinden and Laesecke (1997).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

References

Klein, McLinden and Laesecke:

An improved extended corresponding states method for estimation of visocsity of pure refrigerants and mixtures. Int. J. Refrig., Vol. 20, No.3, pp. 208-217, 1997.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
eta	Dynamic viscosity [Pa.s]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.thermalConductivity

Information

This function calculates the thermal conductivity of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The thermal conductivity is modelled by the corresponding states model of McLinden, Klein. and Perkins (2000).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

References

McLinden, Klein. and Perkins:

An extended corresponding states model for the thermal conductivity of refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures. Int. J. Refrig., 23 (2000) 43-63.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
lambda	Thermal conductivity [W/(m.K)]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.surfaceTension

Information

This function calculates the surface tension of R134a from the saturation record (e.g., use setSat_T function for input). The property is modelled by an approach of Okada and Higashi (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in two-phase region.

References

Okada and Higashi:

Surface tension correlation of HFC-134a and HCFC-123. Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of IIR Commissions B1, B2, E1, and E2, Padua, Italy, pp. 541-548, 1994.

Inputs

Name	Description
sat	Saturation property record

Outputs

Name	Description
sigma	Surface tension sigma in the two phase region [N/m]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.velocityOfSound

Information

This function calculates the velocity of sound of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The velocity of sound is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
a	Velocity of sound [m/s]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.isothermalCompressibility

Information

This function calculates the isothermal compressibility of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The isothermal compressibility is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
kappa	Isothermal compressibility [1/Pa]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.isobaricExpansionCoefficient

Information

This function calculates the isobaric expansion coefficient of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The isobaric expansion coefficient is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
beta	Isobaric expansion coefficient [1/K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.isentropicExponent

Information

This function calculates the isentropic exponent of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The isentropic exponent is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Restrictions

This property is only defined in one-phase region.

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
gamma	Isentropic exponent [1]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificGibbsEnergy

Information

This function calculates the specific Gibbs energy of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The isentropic exponent is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
g	Specific Gibbs energy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.specificHelmholtzEnergy

Information

This function calculates the specific Helmholtz energy of R134a from the state record (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The helmholtz energy is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
f	Specific Helmholtz energy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.density_derh_p

Information

This function calculates the density derivative w.r.t. specific enthalpy at constant pressure of R134a (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The derivative is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994). It can be used for manual state transformations (e.g. from density to specific enthalpy).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
ddhp	Density derivative w.r.t. specific enthalpy [kg.s2/m5]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.density_derp_h

Information

This function calculates the density derivative w.r.t. absolute pressure at constant specific enthalpy of R134a (e.g., use setState_phX function for input). The derivative is modelled by the fundamental equation of state of Tillner-Roth and Baehr (1994). It can be used for manual state transformations (e.g. from density to pressure).

Inputs

Name	Description
state	Thermodynamic state record

Outputs

Name	Description
ddph	Density derivative w.r.t. pressure [s2/m2]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.isentropicEnthalpy

Information

This function calculates the specific enthalpy of R134a for an isentropic pressure change from refState.p to p_downstream (e.g., use setState_phX function for input of refState).

The function can be used for instance to calculate an isentropic efficiency of a compressor or calculate the power consumption (obtained from the isentropic enthalpy) for a given efficiency.

Example:

     Medium.AbsolutePressure p_downstream=10e5;
     Medium.SpecificEnthalpy h_downstream=4.1e5;
     Medium.AbsolutePressure p_upstream=3e5;
     Medium.SpecificEnthalpy h_upstream=4.0e5;

     // Isentropic efficiency of a compressor:
     Real eta_is;

    equation

     h_is = isentropicEnthalpy(p_downstream, Medium.setState_phX(p_upstream, h_upstream));

     eta_is = (h_is-h_upstream)/(h_downstream - h_upstream);

Restrictions

The isentropic efficiency function should not be applied in liquid region.

Inputs

Name	Description
p_downstream	Downstream pressure [Pa]
refState	Reference state for entropy

Outputs

Name	Description
h_is	Isentropic enthalpy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.derivsOf_ph

Information

This function calculates the derivatives required for an inversion of temperature and density function.

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
phase	Number of phases

Outputs

Name	Description
derivs	Inverse derivatives for density and temperature

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dt_ph

Information

This function calculates the density and temperature of R134a from absolute pressure and specific enthalpy. In one-phase region the function calls the fundamental helmholtz equation of Tillner-Roth (1994). In two-phase the density and temperature is computed from cubic splines for saturated pressure, liquid and vapor density.

Restrictions

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]
T	Temperature [K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dtofphOnePhase

Information

This function calculates the density and temperature of R134a from absolute pressure and specific enthalpy in one-phase region. The function calls the fundamental helmholtz equation of Tillner-Roth (1994) which is requiring density and temperature for input. Thus, a newton iteration is performed to determine density and temperature. The newton iteration stops if the inputs for pressure difference delp and specific enthalpy difference delh are larger than the actual differences derived from the newton iteration.

Restrictions

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Enthalpy [J/kg]
delp	Absolute error in p in iteration [Pa]
delh	Absolute error in h in iteration [J/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]
T	Temperature [K]
error	1 if did not converged

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.dtofpsOnePhase

Information

This function calculates the density and temperature of R134a from absolute pressure and specific entropy in one-phase region. The function calls the fundamental helmholtz equation of Tillner-Roth (1994) which is requiring density and temperature for input. Thus, a newton iteration is performed to determine density and temperature. The newton iteration stops if the inputs for pressure difference delp and specific entropy difference dels are larger than the actual differences derived from the newton iteration.

Restrictions

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
s	Specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]
delp	Absolute iteration accuracy [Pa]
dels	Absolute iteration accuracy [J/(kg.K)]

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]
T	Temperature [K]
error	Error flag: trouble if different from 0

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.f_R134a

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]
T	Temperature [K]

Outputs

Name	Description
f	Helmholtz derivatives

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.fid_R134a

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
delta	Reduced density (delta=d/dcrit)
tau	Reduced temperature (tau=Tcrit/T)

Outputs

Name	Description
fid	Helmholtz derivatives of ideal part

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.fres_R134a

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
delta	Reduced density (delta=d/dcrit)
tau	Reduced temperature (tau=Tcrit/T)

Outputs

Name	Description
f	Helmholtz derivatives

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.getPhase_ph

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Outputs

Name	Description
phase	Number of phases

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.getPhase_ps

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
s	Specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]

Outputs

Name	Description
phase	Number of phases

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.hofpsTwoPhase

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
s	Specific entropy [J/(kg.K)]

Outputs

Name	Description
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.R134a_liqofdT

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Outputs

Name	Description
liq	Properties on liquid boundary phase

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.R134a_vapofdT

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Outputs

Name	Description
vap	Properties on vapor boundary phase

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.rho_ph_der

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
derivs	Record for derivatives
p_der	Derivative of pressure
h_der	Derivative of specific enthalpy

Outputs

Name	Description
d_der	Derivative of density

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.rho_props_ph

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
derivs	Record for the calculation of rho_ph_der

Outputs

Name	Description
d	Density [kg/m3]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.T_ph_der

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
derivs	Auxiliary record
p_der	Derivative of pressure
h_der	Derivative of specific enthalpy

Outputs

Name	Description
T_der	Derivative of temperature

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.T_props_ph

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
p	Pressure [Pa]
h	Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
derivs	Record for the calculation of T_ph_der

Outputs

Name	Description
T	Temperature [K]

Modelica.Media.R134a.R134a_ph.setSmoothState

Information

Inputs

Name	Description
x	m_flow or dp
state_a	Thermodynamic state if x > 0
state_b	Thermodynamic state if x < 0
x_small	Smooth transition in the region -x_small < x < x_small

Outputs

Name	Description
state	Smooth thermodynamic state for all x (continuous and differentiable)