Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve

Package for pressure loss calculation of valves

Information



Valve


Several geometries



Calculation of pressure loss for a valve with different geometries at overall flow regime for incompressible and single-phase fluid flow in dependence of its opening.
See more information.





Extends from Modelica.Icons.VariantsPackage (Icon for package containing variants).

Package Content




NameDescription


Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP
Pressure loss of valve | calculate pressure loss | several geometries | overall flow regime


Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW
Pressure loss of valve | calculate mass flow rate | several geometries | overall flow regime


Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con
Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW


Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var
Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW








Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP

Pressure loss of valve | calculate pressure loss | several geometries | overall flow regime

Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP

Information





Calculation of pressure loss for a valve with different geometries at overall flow regime for incompressible and single-phase fluid flow in dependence of its opening.





Generally this function is numerically best used for the  incompressible case , where the mass flow rate (m_flow) is known (as state variable) in the used model and the corresponding pressure loss (DP) has to be calculated. On the other hand the function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW is numerically best used for the  compressible case  if the pressure loss (dp) is known (out of pressures as state variable) and the mass flow rate (M_FLOW) has to be calculated. See more information.




Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Icons.PressureLoss.Valve_d (Icon for valve).

Inputs




TypeNameDefaultDescription


Constant inputs


dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_conIN_con Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP


Variable inputs


dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_varIN_var Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP


Input


MassFlowRatem_flow Mass flow rate [kg/s]




Outputs




TypeNameDescription


PressureDPPressure loss [Pa]




Modelica definition


function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP 
  "Pressure loss of valve | calculate pressure loss | several geometries | overall flow regime"
  import FD = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve;
  import SMOOTH = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Functions.General.Stepsmoother;
  import TYP = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types;

  //icon
  extends Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Icons.PressureLoss.Valve_d;

  //input records
  input Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con
    IN_con "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP";
  input Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var
    IN_var "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP";
  input SI.MassFlowRate m_flow "Mass flow rate";

  //output variables
  output SI.Pressure DP "Pressure loss";

protected 
  type TYP1 =
      Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveCoefficient;
  type TYP2 = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveGeometry;

  Real MIN=Modelica.Constants.eps;

  SI.Area Av=if IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.AV then IN_con.Av else if 
      IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.KV then IN_con.Kv*27.7e-6 else if IN_con.valveCoefficient
       == TYP1.CV then IN_con.Cv*24e-6 else if IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.OP then 
            IN_con.m_flow_nominal/max(MIN, IN_con.opening_nominal*(IN_con.rho_nominal
      *IN_con.dp_nominal)^0.5) else MIN "Av (metric) flow coefficient [Av]=m^2";

  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_bal=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*10^(-3.8397*IN_var.opening + 2.9449) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Ball valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_dia=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*10^(2.2596*exp(-1.8816*IN_var.opening)) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Diaphragm valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_but=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*619.81*exp(-7.3211*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Butterfly valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_gat=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*51.45*exp(-6.046*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Gate valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_slu=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*248.89*exp(-7.8265*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Sluice valves";

  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_TOT=if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Ball then 
      zeta_bal else if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Diaphragm then zeta_dia else if 
      IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Butterfly then zeta_but else if IN_con.geometry
       == TYP2.Gate then zeta_gat else if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Sluice then 
      zeta_slu else 0 "Pressure loss coefficient of chosen valve";

  Real valveCharacteristic=(2/min(IN_con.zeta_TOT_max, max(MIN, max(IN_con.zeta_TOT_min,
      abs(zeta_TOT)))))^0.5 
    "Valve characteristic considering opening of chosen valve";

  SI.MassFlowRate m_flow_small=valveCharacteristic*Av*(IN_var.rho)^0.5*(IN_con.dp_small)
      ^0.5 "Mass flow rate at linearisation";

  //Documentation

algorithm 
  DP := 1/((valveCharacteristic*Av)^2*IN_var.rho)*
    Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Functions.General.SmoothPower(
          m_flow,
          m_flow_small,
          2);

end dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP;







Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW

Pressure loss of valve | calculate mass flow rate | several geometries | overall flow regime

Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW

Information





Calculation of pressure loss for a valve with different geometries at overall flow regime for incompressible and single-phase fluid flow in dependence of its opening.





Generally this  function is numerically best used for the  compressible case , where the pressure loss (dp) is known (out of pressures as state variable) in the used model and the corresponding mass flow rate (M_FLOW) has to be calculated. On the other hand the  function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP is numerically best used for the  incompressible case  if the mass flow rate (m_flow) is known (as state variable) and the pressure loss (DP) has to be calculated. See more information.




Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Icons.PressureLoss.Valve_d (Icon for valve).

Inputs




TypeNameDefaultDescription


Constant inputs


dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_conIN_con Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW


Variable inputs


dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_varIN_var Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW


Input


Pressuredp Pressure loss [Pa]




Outputs




TypeNameDescription


MassFlowRateM_FLOWMass flow rate [kg/s]




Modelica definition


function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW 
  "Pressure loss of valve | calculate mass flow rate | several geometries | overall flow regime"
  import FD = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve;
  import SMOOTH = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Functions.General.Stepsmoother;
  import TYP = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types;

  //icon
  extends Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Icons.PressureLoss.Valve_d;

  //input records
  input Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con
    IN_con "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW";
  input Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var
    IN_var "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW";
  input SI.Pressure dp "Pressure loss";

  //output variables
  output SI.MassFlowRate M_FLOW "Mass flow rate";

protected 
  type TYP1 =
      Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveCoefficient;
  type TYP2 = Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveGeometry;

  Real MIN=Modelica.Constants.eps;

  SI.Area Av=if IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.AV then IN_con.Av else if 
      IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.KV then IN_con.Kv*27.7e-6 else if IN_con.valveCoefficient
       == TYP1.CV then IN_con.Cv*24e-6 else if IN_con.valveCoefficient == TYP1.OP then 
            IN_con.m_flow_nominal/max(MIN, IN_con.opening_nominal*(IN_con.rho_nominal
      *IN_con.dp_nominal)^0.5) else MIN "Av (metric) flow coefficient [Av]=m^2";

  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_bal=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*10^(-3.8397*IN_var.opening + 2.9449) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Ball valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_dia=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*10^(2.2596*exp(-1.8816*IN_var.opening)) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Diaphragm valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_but=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*619.81*exp(-7.3211*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Butterfly valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_gat=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*51.45*exp(-6.046*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Gate valves";
  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_slu=SMOOTH(
      0.05,
      0,
      IN_var.opening)*248.89*exp(-7.8265*IN_var.opening) + SMOOTH(
      0,
      0.05,
      IN_var.opening)*IN_con.zeta_TOT_max "Sluice valves";

  TYP.PressureLossCoefficient zeta_TOT=if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Ball then 
      zeta_bal else if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Diaphragm then zeta_dia else if 
      IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Butterfly then zeta_but else if IN_con.geometry
       == TYP2.Gate then zeta_gat else if IN_con.geometry == TYP2.Sluice then 
      zeta_slu else 0 "Pressure loss coefficient of chosen valve";

  Real valveCharacteristic=(2/min(IN_con.zeta_TOT_max, max(MIN, max(IN_con.zeta_TOT_min,
      abs(zeta_TOT)))))^0.5 
    "Valve characteristic considering opening of chosen valve";

  //Documentation

algorithm 
  M_FLOW := valveCharacteristic*Av*(IN_var.rho)^0.5*
    Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Functions.General.SmoothPower(
          dp,
          IN_con.dp_small,
          0.5);
end dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW;







Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con
Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con

Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW


Information



This record is used as  input record  for the pressure loss function
 dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and
 dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW.


Extends from Modelica.Icons.Record (Icon for records).

Parameters




TypeNameDefaultDescription


Valve


ValveGeometrygeometryDissipation.Utilities.Types....Choice of geometry for valve


ValveCoefficientvalveCoefficientModelica.Fluid.Dissipation.U...Choice of valve coefficient


RealAvPI*0.1^2/4Av (metric) flow coefficient [Av]=m^2


RealKvAv/27.7e-6Kv (metric) flow coefficient [Kv]=m^3/h


RealCvAv/24.6e-6Cv (US) flow coefficient [Cv]=USG/min


Pressuredp_nominal1e3Nominal pressure loss [Pa]


MassFlowRatem_flow_nominalopening_nominal*Av*(rho_nomi...Nominal mass flow rate [kg/s]


Densityrho_nominal1000Nominal inlet density [kg/m3]


Realopening_nominal0.5Nominal opening


Realzeta_TOT_min1e-3Minimal pressure loss coefficient at full opening


Realzeta_TOT_max1e8Maximum pressure loss coefficient at closed opening


Linearisation


Pressuredp_small0.01*dp_nominalLinearisation for a pressure loss smaller then dp_small [Pa]




Modelica definition


record dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con 
  "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW"

  extends Modelica.Icons.Record;

  Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveGeometry geometry=Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveGeometry.Ball 
    "Choice of geometry for valve";
  Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveCoefficient
    valveCoefficient=
      Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.Utilities.Types.ValveCoefficient.AV 
    "Choice of valve coefficient";

  //valve variables
  Real Av=PI*0.1^2/4 "Av (metric) flow coefficient [Av]=m^2";
  Real Kv=Av/27.7e-6 "Kv (metric) flow coefficient [Kv]=m^3/h";
  Real Cv=Av/24.6e-6 "Cv (US) flow coefficient [Cv]=USG/min";
  SI.Pressure dp_nominal=1e3 "Nominal pressure loss";
  SI.MassFlowRate m_flow_nominal=opening_nominal*Av*(rho_nominal*dp_nominal)^
      0.5 "Nominal mass flow rate";
  SI.Density rho_nominal=1000 "Nominal inlet density";
  Real opening_nominal=0.5 "Nominal opening";
  Real zeta_TOT_min=1e-3 "Minimal pressure loss coefficient at full opening";
  Real zeta_TOT_max=1e8 "Maximum pressure loss coefficient at closed opening";

  //numerical aspects
  SI.Pressure dp_small=0.01*dp_nominal 
    "Linearisation for a pressure loss smaller then dp_small";

end dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_con;







Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var
Modelica.Fluid.Dissipation.PressureLoss.Valve.dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var

Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW


Information



This record is used as  input record  for the pressure loss function
 dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and
 dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW.


Extends from Modelica.Icons.Record (Icon for records).

Parameters




TypeNameDefaultDescription


Valve


Realopening1Opening of valve | 0==closed and 1== fully openend


Fluid properties


DynamicViscosityeta Dynamic viscosity of fluid [Pa.s]


Densityrho Density of fluid [kg/m3]




Modelica definition


record dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var 
  "Input record for function dp_severalGeometryOverall_DP and dp_severalGeometryOverall_MFLOW"

  extends Modelica.Icons.Record;

  //valve variables
  Real opening=1 "Opening of valve | 0==closed and 1== fully openend";

  //fluid property variables
  SI.DynamicViscosity eta "Dynamic viscosity of fluid";
  SI.Density rho "Density of fluid";

end dp_severalGeometryOverall_IN_var;





Automatically generated Fri Nov 12 16:31:23 2010.