Collection of models that illustrate model use and test models
Information
This package contains examples for the use of models that can be found in
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.ExamplesPackage (Icon for packages containing runnable examples).
Package Content
| Name |
Description |
 ThreeWayValves
|
Three way valves with different opening characteristics |
| TwoWayValvePressureIndependent
|
Two way valves with pressure independent opening characteristic |
| TwoWayValveTable
|
Two way valve with nonlinear opening characteristics based on a table |
| TwoWayValves
|
Two way valves with different opening characteristics |
| TwoWayValvesMotor
|
Two way valves with different opening characteristics and motor |
| TwoWayValvesTable
|
Two way valve with linear opening characteristics |
| ValveParameterization
|
Model to test and illustrate different parameterization for valves |
Three way valves with different opening characteristics
Information
Test model for three way valves. Note that the
leakage flow rate has been set to a large value
and the rangeability to a small value
for better visualization of the valve characteristics.
To use common values, use the default values.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model ThreeWayValves
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water ;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.ThreeWayLinear valLin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l={0.05,0.05},
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000,
energyDynamics=Modelica.Fluid.Types.Dynamics.FixedInitial)
;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
height=1,
duration=1,
offset=0) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
nPorts=2,
use_p_in=true,
T=313.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
nPorts=2,
use_p_in=true,
T=313.15) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSin(k=3E5);
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSou(k=306000);
Actuators.Valves.ThreeWayEqualPercentageLinear valEquPerLin(
l={0.05,0.05},
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
R=10,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000,
energyDynamics=Modelica.Fluid.Types.Dynamics.FixedInitial);
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT ret(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
nPorts=2,
use_p_in=true,
T=303.15) ;
equation
connect(y.y, valLin.y);
connect(PSin.y, sin.p_in);
connect(y.y, valEquPerLin.y);
connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_1);
connect(sou.ports[2], valEquPerLin.port_1);
connect(valLin.port_2, sin.ports[1]);
connect(valEquPerLin.port_2, sin.ports[2]);
connect(PSou.y, ret.p_in);
connect(ret.ports[1], valLin.port_3);
connect(ret.ports[2], valEquPerLin.port_3);
connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
end ThreeWayValves;
Two way valves with pressure independent opening characteristic
Information
Test model for pressure independent valves. Note that the leakage at full mass flow rate (l2) has been set to a large value for better visualization of the valve characteristics. To use common values, use the default values.
The parameter filterOpening is set to false, as this model is used to plot the flow at different opening signals without taking into account the travel time of the actuator.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model TwoWayValvePressureIndependent
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
height=1,
duration=1,
offset=0) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
use_p_in=true,
T=293.15,
nPorts=3) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 3E5,
T=293.15,
nPorts=3) ;
TwoWayPressureIndependent valInd(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=1,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
use_inputFilter=false,
l=0.05,
from_dp=true,
dpFixed_nominal=0,
l2=0.1,
dpValve_nominal=10000) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp dp(
duration=1,
startTime=1,
offset=303000,
height=12000) ;
TwoWayPressureIndependent valIndDpFix(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=1,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
use_inputFilter=false,
l=0.05,
dpFixed_nominal=5000,
from_dp=true,
l2=0.1,
dpValve_nominal=10000) ;
TwoWayPressureIndependent valIndFromMflow(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=1,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
use_inputFilter=false,
l=0.05,
from_dp=false,
dpFixed_nominal=0,
l2=0.1,
dpValve_nominal=10000) ;
equation
connect(valInd.y, y.y);
connect(sou.ports[1], valInd.port_a);
connect(valInd.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(dp.y, sou.p_in);
connect(valIndDpFix.port_a, sou.ports[2]);
connect(valIndDpFix.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
connect(valIndFromMflow.port_a, sou.ports[3]);
connect(valIndFromMflow.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
connect(y.y, valIndDpFix.y);
connect(y.y, valIndFromMflow.y);
end TwoWayValvePressureIndependent;
Two way valve with nonlinear opening characteristics based on a table
Information
Test model for a two way valve in which a table is used to specify the
opening characteristics.
The valve has the following opening characteristics, which is taken from a test case
of the IEA EBC Annex 60 project.
| y |
0 | 0.1667 | 0.3333 | 0.5 | 0.6667 | 1 |
| Kv |
0 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 0.5 | 0.65 |
The Kv value is the volume flow rate in m3/h at a pressure difference
of 1 bar.
Hence, the Kv value of the fully open valve is Kv=0.65.
Plotting the variables kv.y versus y.y shows that the valve
reproduces the Kv values shown in the above table.
The parameter filterOpening is set to false,
as this model is used to plot the flow at different opening signals
without taking into account the travel time of the actuator.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|
| Generic | datVal | | Valve characteristics |
Modelica definition
model TwoWayValveTable
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
height=1,
duration=1,
offset=0) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
use_p_in=false,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 306000,
T=293.15,
nPorts=1) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 3E5,
T=293.15,
nPorts=1) ;
Valves.TwoWayTable valTab(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
use_inputFilter=false,
from_dp=true,
flowCharacteristics=datVal,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.Kv,
Kv=0.65,
m_flow_nominal=0.04)
;
parameter Data.Generic datVal(
y={0,0.1667,0.3333,0.5,0.6667,1},
phi={0, 0.19, 0.35, 0.45, 0.5, 0.65}/0.65) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Math.UnitConversions.To_bar to_bar;
Sensors.RelativePressure senRelPre(
redeclare package Medium = Medium)
;
Sensors.VolumeFlowRate senVolFlo(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=0.04) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Sqrt sqrt1;
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gain to_m3_h(k=3600) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Division kv ;
equation
connect(y.y,valTab. y);
connect(sou.ports[1], senVolFlo.port_a);
connect(senVolFlo.port_b, valTab.port_a);
connect(valTab.port_a, senRelPre.port_a);
connect(valTab.port_b, senRelPre.port_b);
connect(valTab.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(to_bar.u, senRelPre.p_rel);
connect(sqrt1.u, to_bar.y);
connect(senVolFlo.V_flow, to_m3_h.u);
connect(to_m3_h.y,kv. u1);
connect(sqrt1.y,kv. u2);
end TwoWayValveTable;
Two way valves with different opening characteristics
Information
Test model for two way valves. Note that the
leakage flow rate has been set to a large value
and the rangeability to a small value
for better visualization of the valve characteristics.
To use common values, use the default values.
The parameter filterOpening is set to false,
as this model is used to plot the flow at different opening signals
without taking into account the travel time of the actuator.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model TwoWayValves
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valLin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
height=1,
duration=1,
offset=0) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
nPorts=4,
use_p_in=false,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 306000,
T=293.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
nPorts=4,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 3E5,
T=293.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayQuickOpening valQui(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayEqualPercentage valEqu(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
R=10,
delta0=0.1,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000)
;
TwoWayPressureIndependent valInd(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=1,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
dpValve_nominal=10000,
use_inputFilter=false,
l=0.05,
l2=0.01);
equation
connect(y.y, valLin.y);
connect(y.y, valQui.y);
connect(y.y, valEqu.y);
connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_a);
connect(valQui.port_a, sou.ports[2]);
connect(valEqu.port_a, sou.ports[3]);
connect(valLin.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(valQui.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
connect(valEqu.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
connect(valInd.y, y.y);
connect(valInd.port_b, sin.ports[4]);
connect(valInd.port_a, sou.ports[4]);
end TwoWayValves;
Two way valves with different opening characteristics and motor
Information
Test model for two way valves. Note that the
leakage flow rate has been set to a large value
and the rangeability to a small value
for better visualization of the valve characteristics.
To use common values, use the default values.
All valves are connected to a model of a motor with
hysteresis. A more efficient implementation that approximates
a motor but lacks hysteresis would be to
set the valve parameter use_inputFilter=true instead
of using the motor model.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model TwoWayValvesMotor
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valLin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
nPorts=4,
use_p_in=true,
T=293.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
nPorts=4,
use_p_in=true,
T=293.15) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSin(k=3E5);
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant PSou(k=306000);
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayQuickOpening valQui(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayEqualPercentage valEqu(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.05,
R=10,
delta0=0.1,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000)
;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.TimeTable ySet(table=[0,0; 60,0; 60,1; 120,1; 180,0.5;
240,0.5; 300,0; 360,0; 360,0.25; 420,0.25; 480,1; 540,1.5; 600,-0.25])
;
Actuators.Motors.IdealMotor mot( tOpe=60) ;
TwoWayPressureIndependent valInd(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=1,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
dpValve_nominal=10000,
use_inputFilter=false,
l=0.05,
l2=0.01);
equation
connect(PSin.y, sin.p_in);
connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
connect(ySet.y, mot.u);
connect(mot.y, valEqu.y);
connect(mot.y, valQui.y);
connect(mot.y, valLin.y);
connect(sou.ports[1], valLin.port_a);
connect(sou.ports[2], valQui.port_a);
connect(sou.ports[3], valEqu.port_a);
connect(valLin.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(valQui.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
connect(valEqu.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
connect(valInd.port_a, sou.ports[4]);
connect(valInd.port_b, sin.ports[4]);
connect(valInd.y, valEqu.y);
end TwoWayValvesMotor;
Two way valve with linear opening characteristics
Information
Test model for two way valves.
The instance valTab has a linear opening characteristics
based on a table, while valLin also has a linear opening
characteristics that is directly implemented in the model.
For practical applications in which valves with linear opening characteristics
are used, one should use valLin rather
than valTab as valLin is a more efficient
implementation.
This test demonstrates that both valves have, as expected, the same
mass flow rate for the whole range of the opening signal.
The parameter filterOpening is set to false,
as this model is used to plot the flow at different opening signals
without taking into account the travel time of the actuator.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model TwoWayValvesTable
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp y(
height=1,
duration=1,
offset=0) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
nPorts=2,
use_p_in=false,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 306000,
T=293.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
nPorts=2,
p(displayUnit="Pa") = 3E5,
T=293.15) ;
Valves.TwoWayTable valTab(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=2,
use_inputFilter=false,
dpValve_nominal=6000,
flowCharacteristics=
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.Data.Linear(),
from_dp=true) ;
TwoWayLinear valLin(
use_inputFilter=false,
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
l=0.0001,
m_flow_nominal=2,
dpValve_nominal=6000,
from_dp=true) ;
equation
connect(y.y,valTab. y);
connect(valTab.port_a, sou.ports[1]);
connect(valTab.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(valLin.y, y.y);
connect(sou.ports[2], valLin.port_a);
connect(valLin.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
end TwoWayValvesTable;
Model to test and illustrate different parameterization for valves
Information
Test model for two way valves. This model tests the
different parameterization of the valve model.
All valves have approximately the same mass flow rates.
Small differences exist due to differences in the mass density that is used
to compute the parameters.
If the mass flow rates differ by more than 1%, then the assert blocks
will terminate the simulation with an error message.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).
Modelica definition
model ValveParameterization
extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
package Medium =
Buildings.Media.Water;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinear valOPPoi(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.OpPoint,
dpValve_nominal(displayUnit="kPa") = 4500,
use_inputFilter=false) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant y(k=1) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sou(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
use_p_in=true,
nPorts=3,
T=293.15) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT sin(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium,
nPorts=3,
use_p_in=false,
p=300000,
T=293.15) ;
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Ramp PSou(
duration=1,
offset=3E5,
height=1E5);
Valves.TwoWayLinear valKv(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.Kv,
m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
Kv=0.73,
use_inputFilter=false) ;
Valves.TwoWayLinear valCv(
redeclare package Medium = Medium,
m_flow_nominal=150/3600,
CvData=Buildings.Fluid.Types.CvTypes.Cv,
Cv=0.84,
use_inputFilter=false) ;
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowOpPoi(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium);
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowKv(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium);
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRate senM_flowCv(
redeclare package Medium =
Medium);
Buildings.Utilities.Diagnostics.AssertEquality equ1(threShold=0.01);
Buildings.Utilities.Diagnostics.AssertEquality equ2(threShold=0.01);
equation
connect(y.y, valOPPoi.y);
connect(PSou.y, sou.p_in);
connect(y.y, valKv.y);
connect(valKv.port_a, sou.ports[2]);
connect(sou.ports[3], valCv.port_a);
connect(y.y, valCv.y);
connect(sou.ports[1], valOPPoi.port_a);
connect(valOPPoi.port_b, senM_flowOpPoi.port_a);
connect(valKv.port_b, senM_flowKv.port_a);
connect(valCv.port_b, senM_flowCv.port_a);
connect(senM_flowCv.port_b, sin.ports[3]);
connect(senM_flowKv.port_b, sin.ports[2]);
connect(senM_flowOpPoi.port_b, sin.ports[1]);
connect(senM_flowOpPoi.m_flow, equ1.u1);
connect(senM_flowKv.m_flow, equ1.u2);
connect(senM_flowKv.m_flow, equ2.u1);
connect(senM_flowCv.m_flow, equ2.u2);
end ValveParameterization;
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.Examples.ThreeWayValves