Package Sensors consists of idealized sensor components that provide variables of a medium model and/or fluid ports as output signals. These signals can be, e.g., further processed with components of the Modelica.Blocks library. Also more realistic sensor models can be built, by further processing (e.g., by attaching block Modelica.Blocks.FirstOrder to model the time constant of the sensor).
For the thermodynamic state variables temperature, specific entalpy, specific entropy and density the fluid library provides two different types of sensors: regular one port and two port sensors.
Name | Description |
---|---|
![]() | Ideal one port density sensor |
![]() | Ideal two port density sensor |
![]() | Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor |
![]() | Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor that outputs the latent enthalpy flow rate only |
![]() | Ideal sensor for mass flow rate |
![]() | Ideal one port mass fraction sensor |
![]() | Ideal pressure sensor |
![]() | Ideal relative pressure sensor |
![]() | Ideal relative temperature sensor |
![]() | Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor that outputs the sensible enthalpy flow rate only |
![]() | Ideal one port specific enthalpy sensor |
![]() | Ideal two port sensor for the specific enthalpy |
![]() | Ideal one port specific entropy sensor |
![]() | Ideal two port sensor for the specific entropy |
![]() | Ideal one port temperature sensor |
![]() | Ideal temperature sensor |
![]() | Ideal two port temperature sensor |
![]() | Ideal wet bulb temperature sensor |
![]() | Ideal one port trace substances sensor |
![]() | Ideal two port sensor for trace substance |
![]() | Ideal sensor for volume flow rate |
![]() | Package with conversions for sensor models |
![]() | Collection of models that illustrate model use and test models |
This component monitors the density of the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
If using the one port sensor please read the Information first.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | d | Density in port medium [kg/m3] |
model Density "Ideal one port density sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput d(final quantity="Density", final unit="kg/m3", displayUnit="g/cm3", min=0) "Density in port medium"; equation d = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port.p, inStream(port.h_outflow), inStream(port.Xi_outflow))); end Density;
This component monitors the density of the fluid flowing from port_a to port_b. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, density is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | d | Density of the passing fluid [kg/m3] |
model DensityTwoPort "Ideal two port density sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput d(final quantity="Density", final unit="kg/m3", displayUnit="g/cm3", min=0) "Density of the passing fluid"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, density is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; protected Medium.Density rho_a_inflow "Density of inflowing fluid at port_a"; Medium.Density rho_b_inflow "Density of inflowing fluid at port_b or rho_a_inflow, if uni-directional flow"; equation if allowFlowReversal then rho_a_inflow = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); rho_b_inflow = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, port_a.h_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow)); d = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, rho_a_inflow, rho_b_inflow, m_flow_small); else d = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); rho_a_inflow = d; rho_b_inflow = d; end if; end DensityTwoPort;
This component monitors the enthalphy flow rate of the medium in the flow between fluid ports. The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
For a sensor that measures the latent enthalpy flow rate, use Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.LatentEnthalpyFlowRate.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | H_flow | Enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b [W] |
model EnthalpyFlowRate "Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput H_flow(unit="W") "Enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b"; equation if allowFlowReversal then H_flow = port_a.m_flow * actualStream(port_a.h_outflow); else H_flow = port_a.m_flow * port_b.h_outflow; end if; end EnthalpyFlowRate;
This component monitors the latent enthalphy flow rate of the medium in the flow between fluid ports. In particular, if the enthalpy flow rate is
HTotal_flow = HSensible_flow + HLatent_flow,where
HSensible_flow = m_flow * (1-X[water]) * cp_air
, then
this sensor outputs H_flow = HLatent_flow
.
This sensor can only be used with medium models that implement the function
enthalpyOfCondensingGas(state)
.
For a sensor that measures
HTotal_flow
, use
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.EnthalpyFlowRate.
For a sensor that measures
HSensible_flow
, use
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.SensibleEnthalpyFlowRate.
The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | H_flow | Latent enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b [W] |
model LatentEnthalpyFlowRate "Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor that outputs the latent enthalpy flow rate only" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; // redeclare Medium with a more restricting base class. This improves the error // message if a user selects a medium that does not contain the function // enthalpyOfLiquid(.) replaceable package Medium = Modelica.Media.Interfaces.PartialCondensingGases; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput H_flow(unit="W") "Latent enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b"; Medium.MassFraction XiActual[Medium.nXi] "Medium mass fraction in port_a"; Medium.SpecificEnthalpy hActual "Medium enthalpy in port_a"; Medium.ThermodynamicState sta "Medium properties in port_a"; protected parameter Integer iWat(min=1, fixed=false) "Index for water substance"; initial algorithm iWat :=1; for i in 1:Medium.nXi loop if Modelica.Utilities.Strings.isEqual(Medium.substanceNames[i], "Water") then iWat :=i; end if; end for; equation if allowFlowReversal then XiActual = actualStream(port_a.Xi_outflow); hActual = actualStream(port_a.h_outflow); sta = Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, hActual, XiActual); else XiActual = port_b.Xi_outflow; hActual = port_b.h_outflow; sta = Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, XiActual); end if; // Compute H_flow as difference between total enthalpy and enthalpy on non-condensing gas. // This is needed to compute the liquid vs. gas fraction of water, using the equations // provided by the medium model H_flow = port_a.m_flow * (hActual - (1-XiActual[iWat]) * Medium.enthalpyOfNonCondensingGas(Medium.temperature(sta))); end LatentEnthalpyFlowRate;
This component monitors the mass flow rate flowing from port_a to port_b. The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | m_flow | Mass flow rate from port_a to port_b [kg/s] |
model MassFlowRate "Ideal sensor for mass flow rate" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput m_flow(quantity="MassFlowRate", final unit="kg/s") "Mass flow rate from port_a to port_b"; equation m_flow = port_a.m_flow; end MassFlowRate;
This component monitors the mass fraction contained in the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor | |
String | substanceName | "water" | Name of species substance |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | X | Mass fraction in port medium |
model MassFraction "Ideal one port mass fraction sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; parameter String substanceName = "water" "Name of species substance"; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput X "Mass fraction in port medium"; protected parameter Integer ind(fixed=false) "Index of species in vector of auxiliary substances"; Medium.MassFraction XiVec[Medium.nXi]( quantity=Medium.extraPropertiesNames) "Trace substances vector, needed because indexed argument for the operator inStream is not supported"; initial algorithm ind:= -1; for i in 1:Medium.nX loop if ( Modelica.Utilities.Strings.isEqual(Medium.substanceNames[i], substanceName)) then ind := i; end if; end for; assert(ind > 0, "Species with name '" + substanceName + "' is not present in medium '" + Medium.mediumName + "'.\n" + "Check sensor parameter and medium model."); equation XiVec = inStream(port.Xi_outflow); X = if ind > Medium.nXi then (1-sum(XiVec)) else XiVec[ind]; end MassFraction;
This component monitors the absolute pressure at its fluid port. The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | p | Pressure at port [Pa] |
model Pressure "Ideal pressure sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput p(final quantity="Pressure", final unit="Pa", displayUnit="bar", min=0) "Pressure at port"; equation p = port.p; end Pressure;
The relative pressure "port_a.p - port_b.p" is determined between the two ports of this component and is provided as output signal. The sensor should be connected in parallel with other equipment, no flow through the sensor is allowed.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.TranslationalSensor (Icon representing translational measurement device).
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | |
FluidPort_b | port_b | |
output RealOutput | p_rel | Relative pressure signal [Pa] |
model RelativePressure "Ideal relative pressure sensor" extends Modelica.Icons.TranslationalSensor; replaceable package Medium = Modelica.Media.Interfaces.PartialMedium "Medium in the sensor"; Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_a port_a(m_flow(min=0), redeclare package Medium = Medium); Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_b port_b(m_flow(min=0), redeclare package Medium = Medium); Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput p_rel(final quantity="Pressure", final unit="Pa", displayUnit="bar") "Relative pressure signal"; equation // Zero flow equations for connectors port_a.m_flow = 0; port_b.m_flow = 0; // No contribution of specific quantities port_a.h_outflow = 0; port_b.h_outflow = 0; port_a.Xi_outflow = zeros(Medium.nXi); port_b.Xi_outflow = zeros(Medium.nXi); port_a.C_outflow = zeros(Medium.nC); port_b.C_outflow = zeros(Medium.nC); // Relative pressure p_rel = port_a.p - port_b.p; end RelativePressure;
The relative temperature "T(port_a) - T(port_b)" is determined between the two ports of this component and is provided as output signal. The sensor should be connected in parallel with other equipment, no flow through the sensor is allowed.
Extends from Modelica.Icons.TranslationalSensor (Icon representing translational measurement device).
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | |
FluidPort_b | port_b | |
output RealOutput | T_rel | Relative temperature signal [K] |
model RelativeTemperature "Ideal relative temperature sensor" extends Modelica.Icons.TranslationalSensor; replaceable package Medium = Modelica.Media.Interfaces.PartialMedium "Medium in the sensor"; Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_a port_a(m_flow(min=0), redeclare package Medium = Medium); Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_b port_b(m_flow(min=0), redeclare package Medium = Medium); Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput T_rel(final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature", final unit = "K", displayUnit = "degC", min=0) "Relative temperature signal"; equation // Zero flow equations for connectors port_a.m_flow = 0; port_b.m_flow = 0; // No contribution of specific quantities port_a.h_outflow = 0; port_b.h_outflow = 0; port_a.Xi_outflow = zeros(Medium.nXi); port_b.Xi_outflow = zeros(Medium.nXi); port_a.C_outflow = zeros(Medium.nC); port_b.C_outflow = zeros(Medium.nC); // Relative temperature T_rel = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, inStream(port_a.h_outflow), inStream(port_a.Xi_outflow))) - Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, inStream(port_b.h_outflow), inStream(port_b.Xi_outflow))); end RelativeTemperature;
This component monitors the sensible enthalphy flow rate of the medium in the flow between fluid ports. In particular, if the enthalpy flow rate is
HTotal_flow = HSensible_flow + HLatent_flow,where
HSensible_flow = m_flow * (1-X[water]) * cp_air
, then
this sensor outputs H_flow = HSensible_flow
.
This sensor can only be used with medium models that implement the function
enthalpyOfNonCondensingGas(state)
.
For a sensor that measures
HTotal_flow
, use
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.EnthalpyFlowRate.
For a sensor that measures
HLatent_flow
, use
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.LatentEnthalpyFlowRate.
The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | H_flow | Sensible enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b [W] |
model SensibleEnthalpyFlowRate "Ideal enthalphy flow rate sensor that outputs the sensible enthalpy flow rate only" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; // redeclare Medium with a more restricting base class. This improves the error // message if a user selects a medium that does not contain the function // enthalpyOfLiquid(.) replaceable package Medium = Modelica.Media.Interfaces.PartialCondensingGases; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput H_flow(unit="W") "Sensible enthalpy flow rate, positive if from port_a to port_b"; Medium.MassFraction XiActual[Medium.nXi] "Medium mass fraction in port_a"; Medium.ThermodynamicState sta "Medium properties in port_a"; protected parameter Integer iWat(min=1, fixed=false) "Index for water substance"; initial algorithm iWat :=1; for i in 1:Medium.nXi loop if Modelica.Utilities.Strings.isEqual(Medium.substanceNames[i], "Water") then iWat :=i; end if; end for; equation if allowFlowReversal then XiActual = actualStream(port_a.Xi_outflow); sta = Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, actualStream(port_a.h_outflow), XiActual); else XiActual = port_b.Xi_outflow; sta = Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, XiActual); end if; H_flow = port_a.m_flow * (1-XiActual[iWat]) * Medium.enthalpyOfNonCondensingGas(Medium.temperature(sta)); end SensibleEnthalpyFlowRate;
This component monitors the specific enthalpy of the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | h_out | Specific enthalpy in port medium [J/kg] |
model SpecificEnthalpy "Ideal one port specific enthalpy sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput h_out(final quantity="SpecificEnergy", final unit="J/kg") "Specific enthalpy in port medium"; equation h_out = inStream(port.h_outflow); end SpecificEnthalpy;
This component monitors the specific enthalpy of a passing fluid. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, specific enthalpy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | h_out | Specific enthalpy of the passing fluid [J/kg] |
model SpecificEnthalpyTwoPort "Ideal two port sensor for the specific enthalpy" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput h_out(final quantity="SpecificEnergy", final unit="J/kg") "Specific enthalpy of the passing fluid"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, specific enthalpy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; equation if allowFlowReversal then h_out = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, port_b.h_outflow, port_a.h_outflow, m_flow_small); else h_out = port_b.h_outflow; end if; end SpecificEnthalpyTwoPort;
This component monitors the specific entropy of the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | s | Specific entropy in port medium [J/(kg.K)] |
model SpecificEntropy "Ideal one port specific entropy sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput s(final quantity="SpecificEntropy", final unit="J/(kg.K)") "Specific entropy in port medium"; equation s = Medium.specificEntropy(Medium.setState_phX(port.p, inStream(port.h_outflow), inStream(port.Xi_outflow))); end SpecificEntropy;
This component monitors the specific entropy of the passing fluid. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, specific entropy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | s | Specific entropy of the passing fluid [J/(kg.K)] |
model SpecificEntropyTwoPort "Ideal two port sensor for the specific entropy" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput s(final quantity="SpecificEntropy", final unit="J/(kg.K)") "Specific entropy of the passing fluid"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, specific entropy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; protected Medium.SpecificEntropy s_a_inflow "Specific entropy of inflowing fluid at port_a"; Medium.SpecificEntropy s_b_inflow "Specific entropy of inflowing fluid at port_b or s_a_inflow, if uni-directional flow"; equation if allowFlowReversal then s_a_inflow = Medium.specificEntropy(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); s_b_inflow = Medium.specificEntropy(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, port_a.h_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow)); s = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, s_a_inflow, s_b_inflow, m_flow_small); else s = Medium.specificEntropy(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); s_a_inflow = s; s_b_inflow = s; end if; end SpecificEntropyTwoPort;
This component monitors the temperature of the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | T | Temperature in port medium [K] |
model Temperature "Ideal one port temperature sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput T(final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature", final unit = "K", displayUnit = "degC", min=0) "Temperature in port medium"; equation T = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port.p, inStream(port.h_outflow), inStream(port.Xi_outflow))); end Temperature;
This component monitors the temperature of the medium in the flow between fluid ports. The sensor does not influence the fluid. Its output is computed using a first order differential equation.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Time | tau | 10 | Time constant [s] |
Nominal condition | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_nominal | Nominal mass flow rate [kg/s] | |
Initialization | |||
Init | initType | Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init.N... | Type of initialization (InitialState and InitialOutput are identical) |
Temperature | T_start | Medium.T_default | Initial or guess value of output (= state) [K] |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | 1E-4*m_flow_nominal | For bi-directional flow, temperature is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | T | Temperature of the passing fluid [K] |
model TemperatureDryBulbDynamic "Ideal temperature sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tau(min=0) = 10 "Time constant"; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput T( final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature", final unit="K", min = 0, displayUnit="degC") "Temperature of the passing fluid"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_nominal(min=0) "Nominal mass flow rate"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = 1E-4*m_flow_nominal "For bi-directional flow, temperature is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; parameter Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init initType = Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init.NoInit "Type of initialization (InitialState and InitialOutput are identical)"; parameter Modelica.SIunits.Temperature T_start=Medium.T_default "Initial or guess value of output (= state)"; protected Medium.Temperature T_a_inflow "Temperature of inflowing fluid at port_a"; Medium.Temperature T_b_inflow "Temperature of inflowing fluid at port_b or T_a_inflow, if uni-directional flow"; Medium.Temperature TMed "Medium to which sensor is exposed"; initial equation if initType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init.SteadyState then der(T) = 0; elseif initType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init.InitialState or initType == Modelica.Blocks.Types.Init.InitialOutput then T = T_start; end if; equation if allowFlowReversal then T_a_inflow = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); T_b_inflow = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, port_a.h_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow)); TMed = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, T_a_inflow, T_b_inflow, m_flow_small); else TMed = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); T_a_inflow = TMed; T_b_inflow = TMed; end if; der(T) = (TMed-T)/tau; end TemperatureDryBulbDynamic;
This component monitors the temperature of the passing fluid. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, temperature is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | T | Temperature of the passing fluid [K] |
model TemperatureTwoPort "Ideal two port temperature sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput T( final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature", final unit="K", min = 0, displayUnit="degC") "Temperature of the passing fluid"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, temperature is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; protected Medium.Temperature T_a_inflow "Temperature of inflowing fluid at port_a"; Medium.Temperature T_b_inflow "Temperature of inflowing fluid at port_b or T_a_inflow, if uni-directional flow"; equation if allowFlowReversal then T_a_inflow = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); T_b_inflow = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, port_a.h_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow)); T = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, T_a_inflow, T_b_inflow, m_flow_small); else T = Medium.temperature(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); T_a_inflow = T; T_b_inflow = T; end if; end TemperatureTwoPort;
This component monitors the wet bulb temperature of the medium in the flow between fluid ports. The sensor is ideal, i.e., it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | 1e-4 | For bi-directional flow, specific enthalpy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | T | Wet bulb temperature in port medium [K] |
model TemperatureWetBulb "Ideal wet bulb temperature sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput T( start=Medium.T_default, final quantity="Temperature", final unit="K") "Wet bulb temperature in port medium"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = 1e-4 "For bi-directional flow, specific enthalpy is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; Buildings.Utilities.Psychrometrics.WetBulbTemperature wetBulMod(redeclare package Medium = Medium) "Model for wet bulb temperature"; equation if allowFlowReversal then wetBulMod.dryBul.h = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, port_b.h_outflow, port_a.h_outflow, m_flow_small); wetBulMod.dryBul.Xi = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, port_b.Xi_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow, m_flow_small); else wetBulMod.dryBul.h = port_b.h_outflow; wetBulMod.dryBul.Xi = port_b.Xi_outflow; end if; wetBulMod.dryBul.p = port_a.p; // Compute wet bulb temperature T = wetBulMod.wetBul.T; end TemperatureWetBulb;
This component monitors the trace substances contained in the fluid passing its port. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor (Partial component to model a sensor that measures a potential variable), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the sensor | |
String | substanceName | "CO2" | Name of trace substance |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port | |
output RealOutput | C | Trace substance in port medium |
model TraceSubstances "Ideal one port trace substances sensor" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialAbsoluteSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; parameter String substanceName = "CO2" "Name of trace substance"; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput C "Trace substance in port medium"; protected parameter Integer ind(fixed=false) "Index of species in vector of auxiliary substances"; Medium.ExtraProperty CVec[Medium.nC]( quantity=Medium.extraPropertiesNames) "Trace substances vector, needed because indexed argument for the operator inStream is not supported"; initial algorithm ind:= -1; for i in 1:Medium.nC loop if ( Modelica.Utilities.Strings.isEqual(Medium.extraPropertiesNames[i], substanceName)) then ind := i; end if; end for; assert(ind > 0, "Trace substance '" + substanceName + "' is not present in medium '" + Medium.mediumName + "'.\n" + "Check sensor parameter and medium model."); equation CVec = inStream(port.C_outflow); C = CVec[ind]; end TraceSubstances;
This component monitors the trace substance of the passing fluid. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
String | substanceName | "CO2" | Name of trace substance |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, trace substance is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | C | Trace substance of the passing fluid |
model TraceSubstancesTwoPort "Ideal two port sensor for trace substance" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput C "Trace substance of the passing fluid"; parameter String substanceName = "CO2" "Name of trace substance"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, trace substance is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; protected parameter Integer ind(fixed=false) "Index of species in vector of auxiliary substances"; initial algorithm ind:= -1; for i in 1:Medium.nC loop if ( Modelica.Utilities.Strings.isEqual(Medium.extraPropertiesNames[i], substanceName)) then ind := i; end if; end for; assert(ind > 0, "Trace substance '" + substanceName + "' is not present in medium '" + Medium.mediumName + "'.\n" + "Check sensor parameter and medium model."); equation if allowFlowReversal then C = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, port_b.C_outflow[ind], port_a.C_outflow[ind], m_flow_small); else C = port_b.C_outflow[ind]; end if; end TraceSubstancesTwoPort;
This component monitors the volume flow rate flowing from port_a to port_b. The sensor is ideal, i.e. it does not influence the fluid.
Extends from Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor (Partial component to model sensors that measure flow properties), Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor (Icon representing rotational measurement device).
Type | Name | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
replaceable package Medium | PartialMedium | Medium in the component | |
Assumptions | |||
Boolean | allowFlowReversal | system.allowFlowReversal | = true to allow flow reversal, false restricts to design direction (port_a -> port_b) |
Advanced | |||
MassFlowRate | m_flow_small | system.m_flow_small | For bi-directional flow, density is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required) [kg/s] |
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
FluidPort_a | port_a | Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
FluidPort_b | port_b | Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b) |
output RealOutput | V_flow | Volume flow rate from port_a to port_b [m3/s] |
model VolumeFlowRate "Ideal sensor for volume flow rate" extends Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.BaseClasses.PartialFlowSensor; extends Modelica.Icons.RotationalSensor; Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput V_flow(final quantity="VolumeFlowRate", final unit="m3/s") "Volume flow rate from port_a to port_b"; parameter Medium.MassFlowRate m_flow_small(min=0) = system.m_flow_small "For bi-directional flow, density is regularized in the region |m_flow| < m_flow_small (m_flow_small > 0 required)"; protected Medium.Density rho_a_inflow "Density of inflowing fluid at port_a"; Medium.Density rho_b_inflow "Density of inflowing fluid at port_b or rho_a_inflow, if uni-directional flow"; Medium.Density d "Density of the passing fluid"; equation if allowFlowReversal then rho_a_inflow = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); rho_b_inflow = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, port_a.h_outflow, port_a.Xi_outflow)); d = Modelica.Fluid.Utilities.regStep(port_a.m_flow, rho_a_inflow, rho_b_inflow, m_flow_small); else d = Medium.density(Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, port_b.h_outflow, port_b.Xi_outflow)); rho_a_inflow = d; rho_b_inflow = d; end if; V_flow = port_a.m_flow/d; end VolumeFlowRate;