Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic

Characteristics of common permanent magnetic materials (temperature dependence considered)

Information


Typical values for remanence, coercivity and the temperature coefficient of remanence are provided for the common permanent magnetic materials illustrated below.

Demagnetization characteristics of included permanent magnetic materials

Linear demagnetization curves are modelled. The characteristic, temperature-dependent "knee" of many permanent magnetic materials is not considered, since proper design of permanent magnetic circuits should avoid operation of permanent magnets "below" that point due to partial demagnetization. As a result, the temperature coefficient of coercivity is not considered. Only the temperature coefficient of remanence alpha_Br is accounted for, since it describes the dependende of the demagnetization curve on the temperature sufficiently for the region "above the knee-point".

Additional user-specific materials can be defined as needed.

Package Content

NameDescription
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData BaseData Record for permanent magnetic material data
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.NdFeB NdFeB NdFeB sintered; exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.Sm2Co17 Sm2Co17 Sm2Co17 sintered, exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.SmCo5 SmCo5 SmCo5 sintered, exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticNdFeB PlasticNdFeB Plastic-bonded NdFeB, exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticSmCo PlasticSmCo Plastic-bonded Sm-Co, exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.HardFerrite HardFerrite Hard ferrite sintered, exemplary values
Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticHardFerrite PlasticHardFerrite Plastic-bonded hard ferrite, exemplary values


Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData

Record for permanent magnetic material data

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Record (Icon for a record).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef1Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef1Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref293.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br0Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record BaseData "Record for permanent magnetic material data"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Record;

  parameter SI.MagneticFieldStrength H_cBRef = 1 
    "Coercivity at reference temperature";
  parameter SI.MagneticFluxDensity B_rRef = 1 
    "Remanence at reference temperature";
  parameter SI.Temperature T_ref = 293.15 "Reference temperature";
  parameter Modelica.SIunits.LinearTemperatureCoefficient alpha_Br=
                                                        0 
    "Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature";

  parameter SI.Temperature T_op = 293.15 "Operating temperature";

  final parameter SI.MagneticFluxDensity B_r = B_rRef * (1 + alpha_Br *(T_op - T_ref)) 
    "Remanence at operating temperature";
  final parameter SI.MagneticFieldStrength H_cB = H_cBRef * (1 + alpha_Br *(T_op - T_ref)) 
    "Coercivity at operating temperature";
  final parameter SI.RelativePermeability mu_r = B_r/ (mu_0 * H_cB) 
    "Relative permeability";

end BaseData;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.NdFeB Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.NdFeB

NdFeB sintered; exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef900000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef1.2Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.001Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record NdFeB "NdFeB sintered; exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=900000,
    B_rRef=1.2,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.001);
end NdFeB;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.Sm2Co17 Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.Sm2Co17

Sm2Co17 sintered, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef750000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef1.02Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.0003Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record Sm2Co17 "Sm2Co17 sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=750000,
    B_rRef=1.02,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0003);
end Sm2Co17;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.SmCo5 Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.SmCo5

SmCo5 sintered, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef720000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef0.95Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.0004Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record SmCo5 "SmCo5 sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=720000,
    B_rRef=0.95,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0004);
end SmCo5;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticNdFeB Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticNdFeB

Plastic-bonded NdFeB, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef400000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef0.58Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.001Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticNdFeB "Plastic-bonded NdFeB, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=400000,
    B_rRef=0.58,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.001);
end PlasticNdFeB;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticSmCo Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticSmCo

Plastic-bonded Sm-Co, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef385000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef0.57Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.0004Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticSmCo "Plastic-bonded Sm-Co, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=385000,
    B_rRef=0.57,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0004);
end PlasticSmCo;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.HardFerrite Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.HardFerrite

Hard ferrite sintered, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef170000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef0.38Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.002Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record HardFerrite "Hard ferrite sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=170000,
    B_rRef=0.38,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.002);
end HardFerrite;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticHardFerrite Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticHardFerrite

Plastic-bonded hard ferrite, exemplary values

Information


Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
MagneticFieldStrengthH_cBRef130000Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensityB_rRef0.21Remanence at reference temperature [T]
TemperatureT_ref20 + 273.15Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficientalpha_Br-0.002Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
TemperatureT_op293.15Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticHardFerrite 
  "Plastic-bonded hard ferrite, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=130000,
    B_rRef=0.21,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.002);
end PlasticHardFerrite;

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