Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic

Information

Typical values for remanence, coercivity and the temperature coefficient of remanence are provided for the common permanent magnetic materials illustrated below.

Linear demagnetization curves are modelled. The characteristic, temperature-dependent "knee" of many permanent magnetic materials is not considered, since proper design of permanent magnetic circuits should avoid operation of permanent magnets "below" that point due to partial demagnetization. As a result, the temperature coefficient of coercivity is not considered. Only the temperature coefficient of remanence alpha_Br is accounted for, since it describes the dependende of the demagnetization curve on the temperature sufficiently for the region "above the knee-point".

Additional user-specific materials can be defined as needed.

Package Content

Name	Description
BaseData	Record for permanent magnetic material data
NdFeB	NdFeB sintered; exemplary values
Sm2Co17	Sm2Co17 sintered, exemplary values
SmCo5	SmCo5 sintered, exemplary values
PlasticNdFeB	Plastic-bonded NdFeB, exemplary values
PlasticSmCo	Plastic-bonded Sm-Co, exemplary values
HardFerrite	Hard ferrite sintered, exemplary values
PlasticHardFerrite	Plastic-bonded hard ferrite, exemplary values

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Record (Icon for a record).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	1	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	1	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	293.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	0	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record BaseData "Record for permanent magnetic material data"
  extends Modelica.Icons.Record;

  parameter SI.MagneticFieldStrength H_cBRef = 1 
    "Coercivity at reference temperature";
  parameter SI.MagneticFluxDensity B_rRef = 1 
    "Remanence at reference temperature";
  parameter SI.Temperature T_ref = 293.15 "Reference temperature";
  parameter Modelica.SIunits.LinearTemperatureCoefficient alpha_Br=
                                                        0 
    "Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature";

  parameter SI.Temperature T_op = 293.15 "Operating temperature";

  final parameter SI.MagneticFluxDensity B_r = B_rRef * (1 + alpha_Br *(T_op - T_ref)) 
    "Remanence at operating temperature";
  final parameter SI.MagneticFieldStrength H_cB = H_cBRef * (1 + alpha_Br *(T_op - T_ref)) 
    "Coercivity at operating temperature";
  final parameter SI.RelativePermeability mu_r = B_r/ (mu_0 * H_cB) 
    "Relative permeability";

end BaseData;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.NdFeB

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	900000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	1.2	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.001	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record NdFeB "NdFeB sintered; exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=900000,
    B_rRef=1.2,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.001);
end NdFeB;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.Sm2Co17

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	750000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	1.02	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.0003	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record Sm2Co17 "Sm2Co17 sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=750000,
    B_rRef=1.02,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0003);
end Sm2Co17;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.SmCo5

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	720000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	0.95	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.0004	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record SmCo5 "SmCo5 sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=720000,
    B_rRef=0.95,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0004);
end SmCo5;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticNdFeB

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	400000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	0.58	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.001	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticNdFeB "Plastic-bonded NdFeB, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=400000,
    B_rRef=0.58,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.001);
end PlasticNdFeB;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticSmCo

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	385000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	0.57	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.0004	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticSmCo "Plastic-bonded Sm-Co, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=385000,
    B_rRef=0.57,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.0004);
end PlasticSmCo;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.HardFerrite

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	170000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	0.38	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.002	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record HardFerrite "Hard ferrite sintered, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=170000,
    B_rRef=0.38,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.002);
end HardFerrite;

Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.PlasticHardFerrite

Information

Please refer to the description of the enclosing package HardMagnetic for a description of all permanent magnetic material characteristics of this package.

Extends from Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData (Record for permanent magnetic material data).

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
MagneticFieldStrength	H_cBRef	130000	Coercivity at reference temperature [A/m]
MagneticFluxDensity	B_rRef	0.21	Remanence at reference temperature [T]
Temperature	T_ref	20 + 273.15	Reference temperature [K]
LinearTemperatureCoefficient	alpha_Br	-0.002	Temperature coefficient of remanence at reference temperature [1/K]
Temperature	T_op	293.15	Operating temperature [K]

Modelica definition

record PlasticHardFerrite 
  "Plastic-bonded hard ferrite, exemplary values"
  extends Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Material.HardMagnetic.BaseData(
    H_cBRef=130000,
    B_rRef=0.21,
    T_ref=20 + 273.15,
    alpha_Br=-0.002);
end PlasticHardFerrite;