<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marija Trcka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Wetter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan Hensen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An implementation of co-simulation for performance prediction of innovative integrated HVAC systems in buildings</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc. of the 11th IBPSA Conference</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ibpsa.org/proceedings/BS2009/BS09_0724_731.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glasgow, Scotland</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">724-731</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrated performance simulation of buildings and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC)systems can help reducing energy consumption and increasing level of occupant comfort. However, no singe building performance simulation (BPS) tool offers sufficient capabilities and flexibilities to accommodate the ever-increasing complexity and rapid innovations in building and system technologies. One way to alleviate this problem is to use co-simulation. The co-simulation approach  represents a particular case of simulation scenario where at least two simulators solve coupled differential-algebraic systems of equations and exchange data that couples these equations during the time integration. This paper elaborates on issues important for co-simulation realization and discusses multiple possibilities to justify the particular approach implemented in a co-simulation prototype.  The prototype is verified and validated against the results obtained from the traditional simulation approach. It is further used in a case study for the proof-of-concept, to demonstrate the applicability of the method and to highlight its benefits. Stability and accuracy of different coupling strategies are analyzed to give a guideline for the required coupling frequency. The paper concludes by defining requirements and recommendations for generic co-simulation implementations.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>