02536nas a2200253 4500008004100000245008200041210006900123490000800192520173700200653002501937653002001962653001501982653002101997653003102018653002202049100001202071700001902083700001502102700002202117700001802139700002202157700001902179856008402198 2017 eng d00aIEA EBC Annex 66: Definition and simulation of occupant behavior in buildings0 aIEA EBC Annex 66 Definition and simulation of occupant behavior 0 v1563 a

More than 30% of the total primary energy in the world is consumed in buildings. It is crucial to reduce building energy consumption in order to preserve energy resources and mitigate global climate change. Building performance simulations have been widely used for the estimation and optimization of building performance, providing reference values for the assessment of building energy consumption and the effects of energy-saving technologies. Among the various factors influencing building energy consumption, occupant behavior has drawn increasing attention. Occupant behavior includes occupant presence, movement, and interaction with building energy devices and systems. However, there are gaps in occupant behavior modeling as different energy modelers have employed varied data and tools to simulate occupant behavior, therefore producing different and incomparable results. Aiming to address these gaps, the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy in Buildings and Community (EBC) Programme Annex 66 has established a scientific methodological framework for occupant behavior research, including data collection, behavior model representation, modeling and evaluation approaches, and the integration of behavior modeling tools with building performance simulation programs. Annex 66 also includes case studies and application guidelines to assist in building design, operation, and policymaking, using interdisciplinary approaches to reduce energy use in buildings and improve occupant comfort and productivity. This paper highlights the key research issues, methods, and outcomes pertaining to Annex 66, and offers perspectives on future research needs to integrate occupant behavior with the building life cycle.

10abuilding performance10aenergy modeling10aenergy use10aIEA EBC Annex 6610aInterdisciplinary approach10aoccupant behavior1 aYan, Da1 aHong, Tianzhen1 aDong, Bing1 aMahdavi, Ardeshir1 aD'Oca, Simona1 aGaetani, Isabella1 aFeng, Xiaohang uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/iea-ebc-annex-66-definition-and01728nas a2200265 4500008003900000245010500039210006900144260001200213300001200225490000800237520089300245653002401138653002201162653002001184653001501204653002201219100001201241700002101253700001901274700001901293700001701312700002301329700002201352856008801374 2015 d00aOccupant Behavior Modeling for Building Performance Simulation: Current State and Future Challenges0 aOccupant Behavior Modeling for Building Performance Simulation C c11/2015 a264-2780 v1073 a

Occupant behavior is now widely recognized as a major contributing factor to uncertainty of building performance. While a surge of research on the topic has occurred over the past four decades, and particularly the past few years, there are many gaps in knowledge and limitations to current methodologies. This paper outlines the state-of-the-art research, current obstacles and future needs and directions for the following four-step iterative process: (1) occupant monitoring and data collection, (2) model development, (3) model evaluation, and (4) model implementation into building simulation tools. Major themes include the need for greater rigor in experimental methodologies; detailed, honest, and candid reporting of methods and results; and development of an efficient means to implement occupant behavior models and integrate them into building energy modeling programs.

10abuilding simulation10aenergy efficiency10aenergy modeling10aenergy use10aoccupant behavior1 aYan, Da1 aO'Brien, William1 aHong, Tianzhen1 aFeng, Xiaohang1 aGunay, Burak1 aTahmasebi, Farhang1 aMahdavi, Ardeshir uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/occupant-behavior-modeling-building01903nas a2200229 4500008003900000245004100039210004100080260001200121300001200133490000700145520126600152653002401418653001801442653001401460653002201474653002001496653002401516100001901540700001201559700001901571856008301590 2015 d00aSimulation of Occupancy in Buildings0 aSimulation of Occupancy in Buildings c01/2015 a348-3590 v873 a

Occupants are involved in a variety of activities in buildings, which drive them to move among rooms, enter or leave a building. In this study, occupancy is defined at four levels and varies with time: (1) the number of occupants in a building, (2) occupancy status of a space, (3) the number of occupants in a space, and (4) the space location of an occupant. Occupancy has a great influence on internal loads and ventilation requirement, thus building energy consumption. Based on a comprehensive review and comparison of literature on occupancy modeling, three representative occupancy models, corresponding to the levels 2–4, are selected and implemented in a software module. Main contributions of our study include: (1) new methods to classify occupancy models, (2) the review and selection of various levels of occupancy models, and (3) new methods to integrate these model into a tool that can be used in different ways for different applications and by different audiences. The software can simulate more detailed occupancy in buildings to improve the simulation of energy use, and better evaluate building technologies in buildings. The occupancy of an office building is simulated as an example to demonstrate the use of the software module.

10abuilding simulation10aco-simulation10aoccupancy10aoccupant behavior10asoftware module10astochastic modeling1 aFeng, Xiaohang1 aYan, Da1 aHong, Tianzhen uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/simulation-occupancy-buildings