03410nas a2200409 4500008004100000245008500041210006900126260001200195520213600207653000902343653002502352653002202377653002002399653001902419653002302438653003302461653003902494653003202533653001302565653002102578100002202599700001902621700002202640700002102662700002002683700001702703700002302720700002202743700002102765700002002786700002302806700001902829700001502848700002802863700002002891856008902911 2017 eng d00aSmall and Medium Building Efficiency Toolkit and Community Demonstration Program0 aSmall and Medium Building Efficiency Toolkit and Community Demon c03/20173 a

Small commercial buildings in the United States consume 47 percent of all primary energy consumed in the building sector. Retrofitting small and medium commercial buildings may pose a steep challenge for owners, as many lack the expertise and resources to identify and evaluate cost-effective energy retrofit strategies. To address this problem, this project developed the Commercial Building Energy Saver (CBES), an energy retrofit analysis toolkit that calculates the energy use of a building, identifies and evaluates retrofit measures based on energy savings, energy cost savings, and payback. The CBES Toolkit includes a web app for end users and the CBES Application Programming Interface for integrating CBES with other energy software tools. The toolkit provides a rich feature set, including the following:

  1. Energy Benchmarking providing an Energy Star score
  2. Load Shape Analysis to identify potential building operation improvements
  3. Preliminary Retrofit Analysis which uses a custom developed pre-simulated database
  4. Detailed Retrofit Analysis which utilizes real time EnergyPlus simulations

In a parallel effort the project team developed technologies to measure outdoor airflow rate; commercialization and use would avoid both excess energy use from over ventilation and poor indoor air quality resulting from under ventilation.

If CBES is adopted by California’s statewide small office and retail buildings, by 2030 the state can anticipate 1,587 gigawatt hours of electricity savings, 356 megawatts of non-coincident peak demand savings, 30.2 megatherms of natural gas savings, $227 million of energy-related cost savings, and reduction of emissions by 757,866 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. In addition, consultant costs will be reduced in the retrofit analysis process.

CBES contributes to the energy savings retrofit field by enabling a straightforward and uncomplicated decision-making process for small and medium business owners and leveraging different levels of assessment to match user background, preference, and data availability.

10aCBES10acommercial buildings10aenergy efficiency10aenergy modeling10aenergy savings10aindoor air quality10aindoor environmental quality10aoutdoor air measurement technology10aoutdoor airflow intake rate10aretrofit10aventilation rate1 aPiette, Mary, Ann1 aHong, Tianzhen1 aFisk, William, J.1 aBourassa, Norman1 aChan, Wanyu, R.1 aChen, Yixing1 aCheung, H.Y., Iris1 aHotchi, Toshifumi1 aKloss, Margarita1 aLee, Sang, Hoon1 aPrice, Phillip, N.1 aSchetrit, Oren1 aSun, Kaiyu1 aTaylor-Lange, Sarah, C.1 aZhang, Rongpeng uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/small-and-medium-building-efficiency01595nas a2200169 4500008004100000050001500041245006900056210006800125260002700193520101300220100001901233700002101252700002101273700001701294700002601311856008801337 2006 eng d aLBNL-6152700aUsing EnergyPlus for California Title-24 compliance calculations0 aUsing EnergyPlus for California Title24 compliance calculations aCambridge, MAc08/20063 a

For the past decade, the non-residential portion of California's Title-24 building energy standard has relied on DOE-2.1E as the reference computer simulation program for development as well as compliance. However, starting in 2004, the California Energy Commission has been evaluating the possible use of EnergyPlus as the reference program in future revisions of Title-24. As part of this evaluation, the authors converted the Alternate Compliance Method (ACM) certification test suite of 150 DOE-2 files to EnergyPlus, and made parallel DOE-2 and EnergyPlus runs for this extensive set of test cases. A customized version of DOE-2.1E named doe2ep was developed to automate the conversion process. This paper describes this conversion process, including the difficulties in establishing an apples-to-apples comparison between the two programs, and summarizes how the DOE-2 and EnergyPlus results compare for the ACM test cases.

1 aHuang, Yu, Joe1 aBourassa, Norman1 aBuhl, Walter, F.1 aErdem, Ender1 aHitchcock, Robert, J. uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/using-energyplus-california-title-000549nas a2200145 4500008004100000245006900041210006800110260003200178100001900210700002100229700002100250700001700271700002600288856008900314 2006 eng d00aUsing EnergyPlus for California Title-24 Compliance Calculations0 aUsing EnergyPlus for California Title24 Compliance Calculations aCambridge, MA, USAc08/20061 aHuang, Yu, Joe1 aBourassa, Norman1 aBuhl, Walter, F.1 aErdem, Ender1 aHitchcock, Robert, J. uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/using-energyplus-california-title-2401794nas a2200133 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137260003900206520127100245100002101516700001801537700001901555856008601574 2002 eng d00aA Computer Simulation Appraisal of Non-Residential Low Energy Cooling Systems in California0 aComputer Simulation Appraisal of NonResidential Low Energy Cooli aAsilomar, California, USAc08/20023 a

An appraisal of the potential performance of different Low Energy Cooling (LEC) systems in nonresidential buildings in California is being conducted using computer simulation. The paper presents results from the first phase of the study, which addressed the systems that can be modeled, with the DOE-2.1E simulation program.

The following LEC technologies were simulated as variants of a conventional variable-air-volume system with vapor compression cooling and mixing ventilation in the occupied spaces:

Results are presented for four populous climates, represented by Oakland, Sacramento, Pasadena and San Diego. The greatest energy savings are obtained from a combination of displacement ventilation and air-side indirect/direct evaporative pre-cooling. Cool beam systems have the lowest peak demand but do not reduce energy consumption significantly because the reduction in fan energy is offset by a reduction in air-side free cooling. Overall, the results indicate significant opportunities for LEC technologies to reduce energy consumption and demand in non-residential new construction and retrofit.

1 aBourassa, Norman1 aHaves, Philip1 aHuang, Yu, Joe uhttps://simulationresearch.lbl.gov/publications/computer-simulation-appraisal-non