01771nas a2200145   4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260002800199300001400227520127100241100001801512700002001530700001601550856005901566       2007                        eng d00aComparison of co-simulation approaches for building and HVAC/R system simulation. 0 aComparison of cosimulation approaches for building and HVACR sys  aBeijing, Chinac09/2007  a1418-14253 aAppraisal of modern performance-based energy codes, as well as heating, ventilation, air- conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC/R) system*design require use of an integrated building and system performance simulation program. However, the required scope of the modeling library of such integrated tools often goes beyond those offered in available simulation programs. One remedy for this situation would be to develop the required models in an existing simulation program. However, due to the lack of model interoperability, the model would not be available in other simulation programs. We suggest co-simulation for HVAC/R system simulation as an approach to alleviate the above issues. In co-simulation, each subsystem is modeled and simulated in the appropriate simulation program, potentially on different computers, and intermediate results are communicated over the network during execution time. We discuss different co-simulation approaches and give insights into specific prototypes. Based on the prototypes, we compare the approaches in terms of accuracy, stability and execution time, using a simple case study. We finish with results discussions and recommendations on how to perform co-simulation to maintain the required accuracy of simulation results.1 aTrcka, Marija1 aWetter, Michael1 aHensen, Jan  uhttp://www.ibpsa.org/proceedings/BS2007/p503_final.pdf