@article {379, title = {Brownian Motion Based Convective- Conductive Model for the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids}, journal = {Journal of Heat Transfer}, volume = {128}, year = {2006}, pages = {588-595}, chapter = {588}, author = {Ravi S. Prasher and Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @article {378, title = {Characterization of the Temperature Oscillation Technique to Measure the Thermal Conductivity of Fluids}, journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, volume = {49}, year = {2006}, month = {08/2006}, pages = {2950-2956}, chapter = {2950}, abstract = {

The temperature oscillation technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of a fluid consists of filling a cylindrical volume with the fluid, applying an oscillating temperature boundary condition at the two ends of the cylinder, measuring the amplitude and phase of the temperature oscillation at any point inside the cylinder, and finally calculating the fluid thermal diffusivity from the amplitude and phase values of the temperature oscillations at the ends and at the point inside the cylinder. Although this experimental technique was introduced by Santucci and co-workers nearly two decades ago, its application is still limited, perhaps because of the perceived difficulties in obtaining accurate results. Here, we attempt to clarify this approach by first estimating the maximum size of the liquid{\textquoteright}s cylindrical volume, performing a systematic series of experiments to find the allowable amplitude and frequency of the imposed temperature oscillations, and then validating our experimental setup and the characterization method by measuring the thermal conductivity of pure water at different temperatures and comparing our results with previously published work.

}, keywords = {Temperature oscillation technique, Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001793100600144X}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and S. Nara and P. Vijayan and Tang, T. and W. Lai and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and David W. Song and J. Wang} } @article {378, title = {Characterization of the Temperature Oscillation Technique to Measure the Thermal Conductivity of Fluids}, journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer}, volume = {49}, year = {2006}, month = {08/2006}, pages = {2950-2956}, chapter = {2950}, abstract = {

The temperature oscillation technique to measure the thermal diffusivity of a fluid consists of filling a cylindrical volume with the fluid, applying an oscillating temperature boundary condition at the two ends of the cylinder, measuring the amplitude and phase of the temperature oscillation at any point inside the cylinder, and finally calculating the fluid thermal diffusivity from the amplitude and phase values of the temperature oscillations at the ends and at the point inside the cylinder. Although this experimental technique was introduced by Santucci and co-workers nearly two decades ago, its application is still limited, perhaps because of the perceived difficulties in obtaining accurate results. Here, we attempt to clarify this approach by first estimating the maximum size of the liquid{\textquoteright}s cylindrical volume, performing a systematic series of experiments to find the allowable amplitude and frequency of the imposed temperature oscillations, and then validating our experimental setup and the characterization method by measuring the thermal conductivity of pure water at different temperatures and comparing our results with previously published work.

}, keywords = {Temperature oscillation technique, Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001793100600144X}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and S. Nara and P. Vijayan and Tang, T. and W. Lai and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and David W. Song and J. Wang} } @article {381, title = {Effect of Aggregation Kinetics on the Thermal Conductivity of Nanoscale Colloidal Solutions (Nanofluids)}, journal = {Nanoletters}, volume = {6}, year = {2006}, pages = {1529-1534}, chapter = {1529}, author = {Ravi S. Prasher and Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @conference {382, title = {Effect of Coloidal Chemistry on the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids}, booktitle = {International Mechanical Engineering Congress \& Exposition}, year = {2006}, month = {11/2006}, address = {Chicago, IL}, author = {Ravi S. Prasher and Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @article {383, title = {Enhanced Mass Transport in Nanofluids}, journal = {Nanoletters}, volume = {6}, year = {2006}, month = {03/2006}, pages = {419-423}, chapter = {419}, abstract = {

Thermal conductivity enhancement in nanofluids, which are liquids containing suspended nanoparticles, has been attributed to localized convection arising from the nanoparticles{\textquoteright} Brownian motion. Because convection and mass transfer are similar processes, the objective here is to visualize dye diffusion in nanofluids. It is observed that dye diffuses faster in nanofluids compared to that in water, with a peak enhancement at a nanoparticle volume fraction, φ, of 0.5\%. A possible change in the slope of thermal conductivity enhancement at that same φ signifies that convection becomes less important at higher φ. The enhanced mass transfer in nanofluids can be utilized to improve diffusion in microfluidic devices.

}, doi = {10.1021/nl0522532}, author = {S. Krishnamurthy and Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher} } @proceedings {397, title = {Computational Analysis of the Colloidal Stability of Nanofluids}, journal = {International Mechanical Engineering Congress \& Exposition}, year = {2005}, month = {11/2005}, address = {Orlando, FL}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher} } @conference {388, title = {Effect of Particle Material on the Static Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids}, booktitle = {Heat Transfer Conference}, year = {2005}, month = {07/2005}, address = {San Francisco, CA}, author = {P. Vijayan and Prajesh Bhattacharya and S. Nara and W. Lai and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and David W. Song and J. Wang} } @conference {385, title = {Experimental Determination of the Effect of Varying Base Fluid and Temperature on the Static Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids}, booktitle = {ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November 5-11, 2005}, year = {2005}, month = {11/2005}, publisher = {ASME}, organization = {ASME}, address = {Orlando, FL}, abstract = {

The heat transfer abilities of fluids can be improved by adding small particles of sizes of the order of nanometers. Recently a lot of research has been done in evaluating the thermal conductivity of nanofluids using various nanoparticles. In our present work we address this issue by conducting a series of experiments to determine the effective thermal conductivity of alumina-nanofluids by varying the base fluid with water and antifreeze liquids like ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Temperature oscillation method is used to find the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. The results show the thermal conductivity enhancement of nanofluids depends on viscosity of the base fluid. Finally the results are validated with a recently proposed theoretical model.

}, isbn = {0-7918-4221-5}, doi = {10.1115/IMECE2005-81494}, author = {S. Nara and Prajesh Bhattacharya and P. Vijayan and W. Lai and W. Rosenthal and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and David W. Song and Jinlin Wang} } @article {387, title = {Thermal Conductivity of Nanoscale Colloidal Solutions (Nanofluids)}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, volume = {94}, year = {2005}, chapter = {025901-1}, author = {Ravi S. Prasher and Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @article {386, title = {Brownian Dynamics Simulation to Determine the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physics}, volume = {95}, year = {2004}, month = {06/2004}, pages = {6492{\textendash}6494}, chapter = {6492}, abstract = {

A nanofluid is a fluid containing suspended solid particles, with sizes on the order of nanometers. Normally, nanofluids have higher thermal conductivities than their base fluids. Therefore, it is of interest to predict the effective thermal conductivity of such a nanofluid under different conditions, especially since only limited experimental data are available. We have developed a technique to compute the effective thermal conductivity of a nanofluid using Brownian dynamics simulation, which has the advantage of being computationally less expensive than molecular dynamics, and have coupled that with the equilibrium Green-Kubo method. By comparing the results of our calculation with the available experimental data, we show that our technique predicts the thermal conductivity of nanofluids to a good level of accuracy.

}, keywords = {complex fluids, Disperse systems, Thermal conduction in nonmetallic liquids}, doi = {10.1063/1.1736319}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Saha, S.K. and Ajay K. Yadav and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher} } @conference {389, title = {Determining the Effective Viscosity of a Nanofluid Using Brownian Dynamics Simulation}, booktitle = {1st International Symposium on Micro \& Nano Technology}, year = {2004}, month = {03/2004}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher} } @conference {390, title = {Evaluation of the Temperature Oscillation Technique to Calculate Thermal Conductivity of Water and Systematic Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of Aluminum Oxide {\textendash} Water Nanofluiids}, booktitle = {International Mechanical Engineering Congress \& Exposition,}, year = {2004}, month = {11/2004}, address = {Anaheim, CA}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and P. Vijayan and Tang, T. and S. Nara and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and J. Wang and David W. Song} } @proceedings {398, title = {Numerical Tools For Particle- Fluid Interactions}, journal = {Pulmonary Research Forum: American Lung Association of Arizona \& New Mexico}, year = {2004}, month = {02/2004}, author = {R. Calhoun and Patrick E. Phelan and Ajay K. Yadav and Prajesh Bhattacharya} } @conference {391, title = {Determining the Effective Thermal Conductivity of a Nanofluid Using Brownian Dynamics Simulation}, booktitle = {National Heat Transfer Conference}, year = {2003}, month = {07/2003}, address = {Las Vegas, NV}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Saha, S.K. and Ajay K. Yadav and Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher} } @proceedings {399, title = {Modeling the Behavior of F1-ATPase Biomolecular Motors Using Brownian Dynamics Simulation}, journal = {BioDevice Interface Science and Technology Workshop}, year = {2002}, month = {09/2002}, address = {Scottsdale, AZ}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @conference {392, title = {Understanding the Behavior of an F1-ATPase Biomolecular Motor Using Brownian Dynamics Simulation}, booktitle = {US-Japan Nanotherm Seminar: Nanoscale Thermal Science and Engineering}, year = {2002}, month = {06/2002}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, author = {Prajesh Bhattacharya and Patrick E. Phelan} } @article {384, title = {Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Applications}, journal = {Annual Review of Heat Transfer}, volume = {14}, year = {1995}, pages = {255-275}, chapter = {255}, author = {Patrick E. Phelan and Ravi S. Prasher and Prajesh Bhattacharya} }